-
This amount of all fire departments provide ambulance service for victims.
about half
-
According to the "nature of the job", what are the specific duties a firefighter can be assigned to by their superior officer at a fire?
- connect hose lines to hydrants
- operate a pump to send water to high pressure hoses
- position ladders to enable them to deliver water to the fire
- rescue victims
- provide emergency medical attention as needed
- ventilate smoke filled areas
- attempt to salvage the contents of a building
- sometimes they can be there for days a time
-
What are all the settings a firefighter is expected to work in?
- urban and suburban areas
- airports
- chemical plants
- other industrial sites
- rural areas like grasslands and forests
- some work in hazmat units - trained for control, prevention and cleanup of oil spills and hazmat incidents
-
Who/what are the forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists?
spot fires from watchtowers and report their findings to headquarters by telephone or radio
-
What are the duties (related to fire) that a forest ranger has?
patrol to ensure travelers and campers comply with fire regulations
-
What is one of the most effective means of battling the blaze of forest fires?
by creating fire lines though cutting down trees and digging out grass and all other combustible vegetation, creating bare that has no fuel
-
What are smoke jumpers and why is their job dangerous?
- parachute from airplanes to reach otherwise inaccessible areas
- hazardous because the crews have no way to escape if wind shifts causing the fire to burn towards them
-
What do firefighters do between alarms?
- clean and maintain equipment
- conduct practice drills and fire inspections
- participate in physical fitness activities
- prepare written reports on fire incidents
- review fire science literature
- keep abreast of technological developments, changing admin practices and policies
-
What are the main risks involved in fighting fire that could cause death or injury?
- sudden caving of floors
- toppling walls
- traffic accidents when responding to calls
- exposure to flames and smoke
- coming into contact with poisonous, flammable, explosive gases and chemicals, radioactive/hazmat
-
What are typical working hours for firefighters?
- many work 50 hrs a week, sometimes longer
- may be on duty for 24hrs, then off for 48hrs, will receive an extra day off at intervals
- may work day shifts of 10hrs for 3 or 4 days, night shift of 14hrs for 3 or 4 nights, have 3 or 4 days off, then repeat the cycle
- will often work extra hours on scene
- regularly assigned to work holidays
- Captains/Lieutenants often work same hours as their FFs
- duty hours include when FFs study, train, and perform fire prevention duties
-
This percentage of fire companies are staffed by volunteers
70%
-
Paid career firefighters held this many jobs in 2002.
282,000
-
First line supervisors/managers of firefigthing and prevention workers held about this many jobs in 2002
63,000
-
Fire inspectors held this many jobs in 2002
14,000
-
About ___ out of ___ firefighting workers were employed by municipal or count fire departments
9 out of 10
-
Some municipalities have combined these things to make one single organization commonly referred to as a public safety organization.
- fire prevention
- public fire education
- safety
- EMS
-
Applicants for municipal firefighting jobs generally must....
pass a written exam, strength and physical stamina test, coordination and agility tests, and a medical exam that includes a drug screen
-
Through classroom and practical training, recruits will study....
- firefighting techniques
- fire prevention
- hazmat control
- local building code
- EMS procedures including first aid and CPR
- use of axes, chain saws, fire extinguishers, ladders and other firefighting and rescue equipment
-
A number of fire departments have accredited apprenticeships lasting up to ______.
5 years
-
Technical instruction covered in an apprenticeship program includes...
- firefighting techniques and equpiments
- chamical hazards associated with various combustible building materials
- EMS procedures
- fire prevention and safety
-
Training sessions sponsored by the US National Fire Academy cover topics including...
- executive development
- anti-arson techniques
- disaster preparedeness
- hazmat control
- public safety and education
-
Personal qualities a firefighter needs are...
- mental alterness
- self-discipline
- courage
- mechanical apptitude
- endurance
- strength
- sense of public service
- initiative
- good judgement
- dependable
- able to get along well with others
-
In order progress into higher level positions, firefighters must acquire expertise in these areas
- advanced firefighting equipment and techniques
- building construction
- EMS technology
- writing
- public speaking
- management and budgeting procedures
- public relations
-
Opportunities for promotion depend upon....
- written exam results
- job performance
- interviews
- seniority
- fire dept are increasingly using assessment centers that simulate a variety of actual job performance tasks
-
The line of promotion is usually (in order)...
- engineer
- lieutenant
- captain
- battalion chief
- assistant chief
- deputy chief
- chief
-
Most job growth in the fire service will occur from...
volunteer positions being converted to paid positions
-
Besides job growth, openings in the fire service occur when...
- firefighters retire
- stop working for other reasons
- transfer to other occupations
-
Median hourly earnings of firefighters were _____ in 2002
$17.42
-
The middle 50% of paid firefighters earned between _____ and _____ in 2002
$12.52 and $22.96
-
The lowest 10% of all paid firefighters earned less than _____ in 2002
$8.51
-
The highest 10% of all paid firefighters earned more than _____ in 2002
$28.22
-
Median hourly earnings in local government, Federal Government, and State government in 2002 were _____, ______, and ______ (in order).
-
Median annual earnings of first line supervisors/managers of firefighting and fire prevention workers were ______ in 2002.
$55,450
-
The middle 50% of first line supervisors/managers earned between ____ and ____ in 2002
$43,920 and $68,480
-
The lowest and the highest 10% of first line supervisors and managers earned less than ____ and more than ____ in 2002
$34,190 and $84,730
-
First line supervisors/managers of firefighting and prevention workers who were employed in local government earned about ______/year in 2002
$56,390
-
$44,250 in the median annual earnings of _____ in 2002
fire inspectors
-
The middle 50% of fire inspectors in 2002 earned between _____ and _____.
$33,880 and $56,100
-
The lowest 10% of fire inspectors earned less than _____ in 2002 and the highest 10% earned more than _____
-
Fire inspectors and investigators employed in local government earned about _____ a year in 2002
$46,820
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Fire Chiefs were ______ for minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Deputy Chiefs were ______ for
minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Assistant Fire Chiefs were ______ for minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Battalion Chiefs were ______ for minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Fire Captains were ______ for
minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Fire Lieutenants were ______ for minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Fire Prevention/Code Inspectors were ______ for minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
According to the International City-County Management Association, the
average salaries in 2002 for sworn full-time Engineers were ______ for
minimum annual salary base and ______ for maximum annual salary base.
-
Special benefits that firefighters receive usually include...
- medical and liability insurance
- vacation and sick leave
- some paid holidays
-
This disease is the leading cause of death in the US, accounting for one million deaths per year.
Cardiovascular disease
-
The USFA aims to reduce the number of firefighter deaths by ____ by 2005
25%
-
Cardiovascular disease refers to a state of disease in the _______.
blood vessels
-
What happens when blood vessels become narrow from CVD?
blood, O2, and the nutrients in carries cannot be delivered to the vital organs of the body
-
Heart attacks occur when....
the blood flow to the heart muscle is impeded.
-
These are two specific types of CVD that cause the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle to be blocked
- coronary heart disease (CHD)
- coronary artery disease (CAD)
-
What happens when there is an obstruction in a coronary vessel?
the tissue below the blockage does not get adequate O2
-
Ischemia is....
a severe lack of O2
-
Define artery
a tubular vessel which carries oxygenated blood from the heart through the body
-
Atherosclerosis refers to the disease condition in which...
plaque builds up in arterial walls causing the size of the vessel opening to become narrower
-
Strong evidence shows that the build up of plaque in the arterial walls can occur as early as ____ for many ppl in developed countries of the western world
20s
-
In many individuals, the first sign of CVD is....
a fatal heart attack
-
Modifiable risks factors for CVD include:
- diet
- exercise
- personal habits
- cholesterol-lipid fractions
- cigarette smoling
- diabete mellutis
- hypertension
- obesity
- physical inactivity
-
Non-modifiable risk factors for CVD include:
- age
- heredity (family history is defined as premature death - before 55 in males and before 65 in females - of a parent or sibling from CVD)
- race
- gender (men are more likely to suffer from CVD at a younger age than women - 45 is risk factor for men; 55 is risk factor for women)
-
Approximately __% of the adult population in the US smokes and approximately ______ young people take up the habit each year.
-
Cigarette smoking accounts for an estimated ______ deaths per year in the US, more than __% due to CVD.
-
As early as the year ____, the surgeon General established smoking as the leading avoidable cause of CVD.
1983
-
Smoking increases the risks for....
- sudden cardiac death
- aortic aneurysm
- peripheral vascular disease
- stroke
-
Smoking one pack a day _____ the risk of CVD and smoking more than one pack a day _____ the risk
-
As the number of cigarettes smoked increases, so does the risk of...
- coronary artery disease
- stroke
-
Hypertension is...
- also known as high blood pressure
- recognized by unstable or persistant elevation of blood pressure above normal range
- defined as 140/90
-
The risk of death doubles with a systolic greater than or equal to ____ and a diastolic greater than or equal to ____.
-
If left untreated, approximately 50% of patients with hypertension die from _________ and ________.
- coronary artery disease
- congestive heart failure
-
If left untreated, approximately 33% of patients with hypertension die from _________.
stroke
-
If left untreated, approximately 10-15% of patients with hypertension die from _________.
renal failure
-
The primary lifestyle modifications to help reduce hypertension include...
- smoke cessation
- diet
- exercise
- overall goal of losing weight, increasing physical activity lvls, and decreasing salt intake
-
This can help control blood glucose lvls and the ability of blood vessels to change diameter as needed
exercise
-
Elevated lvls of HDL are...
- desirable
- present a positive risk factor for CVD
-
Elevated levels of these three things are associated with increased risk of CVD.
- cholesterol
- triglycerides
- LDL-cholesterol
-
Young men in the highest 25% for cholesterol levels have a ______ increased risk of heart attack compared to men in the lowest 25%
nine-fold
-
There is a 20-30% increase in risk for CAD for every __ mg/dl increase in cholesterol
10
-
Approximately __% of adults in the US are obese and another __-__% are overweight.
-
Obesity is associated with these diseases
- CAD
- high blood pressure
- diabetes
- gallbladder disease
- cancer
-
LDL is ____cholesterol.
bad
-
HDL is ____ cholesterol
good
-
LDL stands for
low density lipoproteins
-
HDL stands for
high density lipoproteins
-
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by...
the body's inability to use sugar (glucose) effectively
-
Individuals with diabetes have a ___-___% increased risk of cardiac events
300-500
-
70% of all deaths among diabetic patients are from _________.
Cardiovascular disease
-
What is metabolic syndrome x?
the cluster of risks factors associated with CVD including abdominal obesity, hypertension, and diabetes
-
A lack of physical exercise increases an individual's risk of...
- obesity
- hypertension
- diabetes
-
The risk for CVD in inactive people in about ____ times that of physically active adults
2
-
Inactivity is responsible for _____ deaths per year in the US.
200,000
-
If you exercise regularly, the risk factors that are reduced for CVD are...
- decreased BP
- improved LDL
- decreased body fat
- improved bG tolerance
- eliminates physical activity
-
If you eat a balanced diet, the risks factors for CVD that are reduced are....
- improved LDL
- decreased body weight
- improved bG tolerance
- may decrease BP
-
Flexibility is defined as...
the ability to move a joint freely through an entire ROM
-
An example of good shoulder flexibility is...
the ability to touch both hands together behind the back
-
What are the factors contributing the the ROM in a joint?
- joint structure
- ligaments
- tendons
- muscles
- skin
- fat tissue
- body tem
- gender
- age
-
What is the most neglected aspect of most physical fitness programs?
flexability
-
A regular stretching program can help...
- lengthen your muscles
- maintain or restore flexibility
-
The benefits of being flexible include...
- decreases risk of injury
- decreases the resistance in various tissues
- increases physical efficiency and performance
- increases tissue temperature allowing for better circulation/nutrient transport due to decreased joint viscosity
- increases neuromuscular coordination b/c of an increase in nerve impulse velocity
- reduces muscle soreness
-
Who considers strength training to be an integral part of any comprehensive health program?
- american college of sports medicine
- american heart association
- centers for disease control and prevention
- us surgeon general's office
-
The benefits of strength training include...
- improved body composition, muscle growth and metabolism
- improved physical functioning - can perform tasks with less physiological stress\
- decreased risk for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, as well as fractures and bone degeneration
- reduces pain and inflammation
- improves flexibility - particularly important in the lower back b/c of chronic low back pain
-
Much of the improved efficiency demonstrated with strength training is attributed to...
- neural and hormonal adaptations that increase neural drive to muscles, improve muscle recruitment and synchronization
- increase muscle contractile activation
- diminish the protective function of the proprioceptors that limit range, density and speed of movements around joints
-
Ergonomic disorders include...
- cumulative trauma disorders
- back disorders
- injuries that develop over time as a result of uncorrected behaviors, postures, and habits
-
Egronomic disorders are often preventable and treatable through...
- a fitness program
- behavioral modification programs
- screening
- assessments
-
Cumulative trauma disorders can be described as...
wear and tear on joints and surrounding tissue b/c of overuse
-
What are the two places that receive the most injuries from cumulative trauma disorders?
joints in the lower back and upper limbs
-
Cumulative trauma disorders are known by a variety of terms such as...
- musculoskeletal disorders
- overuse syndrome
- repetitive motion disorders
-
Cumulative trauma disorders affect any area of the body where...
- tendons, joints, and nerves are found
- most commonly target the upper extremities
-
Most CTDs fall into two main categories which are
- tendonitis
- nerve compression
-
Risk factors for developing CTDs are...
- repetition
- force
- awkward postures
- contact stress
- vibration
- temperature extremes
- stressful conditions
-
What are the three main movements that can cause severe injury or pain to the back?
- lifting
- bending
- twisting motions
-
Next to the common cold, this is the reason most often sited for job absenteeism?
back disorders
-
The most common back problems are...
pulled or strained muscles, ligaments, tendons, and discs
-
Most back disorders result from...
chronic or long-term injury rather than one specific incident
-
Types of back disorders include...
- lumbosacral strain
- sacroilitic (inflammation from overuse of the lumbar muscles of the joints between the lowest/sacral areas of back, sacrum and ilium)
- lumbosacral sprain
- postural low back pain
- muscular insufficiency
- herniated disc
- degenerated disc
-
Risk factors for back disorders include...
- heavy physical work
- lifting
- bending
- streching
- reaching
- twisting
- pushing and pulling
- prolonged sitting/standing
- vibrations
- accidents
-
What are all the things that make firefighting one of the most dangerous occupations?
- cardiovascular disease
- strains
- sprains
- ergonimical related disorders
|
|
