Anatomy Recap

• cervical-7
• thoracic-12
• lumbar-5
• sacral-5
• coccyx-3/4 fused

• skeletal thorax (aka ribcage)
•     -thoracic vertebrae
•     -ribs
•     -sternum
• houses viscera (aka internal organs)
• protects and supports respiratory function

• true ribs-1-7
•     -connect to the sternum via costal cartilages
• false ribs-8-10
•     -connect to the 7th rib via the costal arch
• floating ribs-11-12
•     -do not attach to the front of the throax

• manubrium
• body (corpus)
• xiphoid process

• function:
•     -attachment for muscles and cartilages of the thorax

lungs

• conducting airways
•     -larynx
•     -trachea
•     -bronchi
•     -alveoli

• semi rigid tube
• 16-20 c shaped cartilage
• extends from C6 to T4or5
• posterior membranous wall is the esophagus

• visceral pleura-closest to the visceral organs
• parietal pluera-further from the visceral organs

• space between the visceral and parietal pleura 
• pressure is negative

they work on the throax and abdomen causing the amount of air in the lungs (volume) to change

since the lungs are attached to the thorax via pleural pressure, forces exerted on the thorax will move the lungs

inspiration

• central tendon
• xiphoid process of sternum
• ribs (7-12) and their costal cartilages
• lumbar vertebrae (1-3)

• motor - phrenic nerve
•     -composed of fibers from c3-5

• sensory
•     -phrenic nerve c3-5 centrally
•     -intercostal nerves t5-11 peripherally
•     -subcostal nerve t12 peripherally

• origin: lower edge of one rib
• insertion: upper edge of the rib immediately below

•Origin: lower border of one rib

•Insertion: upper border of the rib immediately below

•Motor: 

–Intercostal nerves (T1-T11)

•Spinal nerves at each vertebral level innervate the intercostal muscle at that vertebral level.

•Ilium bone: 

–Iliac crest

•Ischium bone

•Pubis bone:

–Pubic symphysis

•Rectus sheath: fibrous sheath formed by aponeuroses of abdominal muscles.

•Linea alba: where the anterior and posterior portions of the sheath intermingle at the center of the abdomen.

•Attachments:

–Pubic symphysis and pubis bone

–Xiphoid process

–Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7




•Compresses abdominal viscera.

–Accessory muscle of exhalation

•Attachments:

–External surfaces of ribs 5-12

–Linea alba

–Pubis bone

–Anterior portion of iliac crest

•Compresses abdominal viscera.

–Accessory muscle of inhalation

•Attachments:

–Anterior portion of iliac crest

–Thoracolumbar fascia (sheath of connective tissue on lower portion of the back)

–Inferior borders of ribs 10-12

–Linea alba, Pubis bone

•Compresses abdominal viscera.

–Accessory muscle of

•Attachments:

–Internal surfaces of ribs 7-12 (costal cartilages)

–Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest

–Linea alba, Aponeurosis of internal oblique

–Pubic crest, Pubis bone

•Compresses abdominal viscera.

–Accessory muscle of ___________.