Chapter 2

heart, blood, and blood vessels such as the arteries, veins, and capillaries

Transport blood throughout the body

Includes lymph vessels, and nodes that carry a clear fluid called lymph

• fight against dieases
• important part of immune system

brings food into the body and breaks it down so that it can be enter bloodstream 

food that cannot be broken down is then removed from the body at the end of the system as waste

Composed of glands, sends chemical messengers called hormones into the body to act on other glands and organs

Produce the cells( eggs and sperm) that join to form the embryo

• Male- (testis) 
• Female( Ovary) 
•              sex organs produce homes as well

Muscles, bones, joints, and connective tissues, support the body and allows it to move

Carries electrical messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

Controls breathing, a process by which air enters and leaves the body

Includes the skin and eyes and ears 

receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain

Produces urine and sends it out of the body through the kidney, ureters, bladder and urethra

Respiratory

Nervous

Musculoskeletal

Digestive

Digestive System

Urinary

Respiratory

Respiratory

Female Reproductive/ Endocrine

Digestive/Respiratory

Endocrine

Male Reproductive System

Nervous

Respiratory

Urinary

Urinary

Female Reproductive

Musculoskeletal

• Located in the head and surrounded by the skill 
• Contains the brain and other organs such as the pituitary gland

• Chest Cavity 
• Surrounded by the breastbone and ribs
• the lungs, heart, windpipe(trachea), bronchial tubes are in this cavity

the double membrane that the lungs are surrounded by

The space between the pleural membranes

The large area between the lungs 

The heart, esophagus( food tube), trachea and the bronchial tubes are organs within the mediastinum

The space below the thoracic cavity 

organs in the abdomen include the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and small and large intestines

the muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavity

double membrane that the organs in the abdomen are surrounded by

• below the abdominal cavity
• surrounded by the pelvis 
• urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum, and anus, and the uterus

this is the space surrounded by the spinal column

Backbones

• is the nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
• nerves enter and leave the spinal cord and carry messages to and form all parts of the body

abdomen

front

bronchial tubes

leading from the windpipe to the lungs

neck of the body or the neck(cervix) of the uterus

cartilage

coccyx, tailbone

skull

skin, surface tissue

esophagus ( tube from the throat to the stomach)

liver

abdomen

larynx (voice box)

side

loin(waist)

mediastinum (space between the lungs)

pelvis (bones of the hip)

peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdominal organ)

pharynx (throat)

pleura

back, behind

sacrum (five fused bones in the lower back)

spine (backbone)

chest

trachea(windpipe)

vertebra (backbone)

• 1.Frontal(Coronal) Plane
• 2. Sagittal( lateral) Plane
• 3. Transverse(Axial) Plane

• 1. Cranial Cavity 
• 2. Thoracic Cavity 
• 3. Abdominal Cavity
• 4. Pelvic Cavity 
• 5. Spinal Cavity

• 1. Cervical ( neck ) region 7bones C1-C7
• 2. Thoracic (Chest) region 12bones T1-T12
• 3.Lumbar(loin or waist) region 5bones L1-L5
• 4.Sacral( sacrum or lowerback) region 5 fused bones S1-S5
• 5.Coccygeal( coccyx or tailbone) 4 fused bones