Modern Art

• Daguerre, Boulevard du Temple, Paris
• c. 1838
• Photography

Nadar, Sarah Bernhardt 1864

Cameron, Mrs. Herbert Duckworth 1867

Cameron, Unknown Girl, Ceylon 1875-79

Brady, Dead Soldier, Civil War c. 1863

Courbet, A Burial at Ornans, 1849-50

• 19th-century French art
• realisim

Courbet, The Source of the Loue, 1864

Realisim

• Daumier, Rue Transnonain, April 15,
• 1834

Realisim

• Bonheur, Plowing in the Nivernais 1849
• Realisim

Manet, Luncheon on the Grass (Dejeuner sur l’herbe) 1863

Impressionist

Manet, Olympia 1863

Impression

Manet, Portrait of Émile Zola, 1868

• Hiroshige, Moon Pine at Ueno, from One
• Hundred Views of Famous Places in Edo 1857

• Whistler, Nocturne in Black and Gold: The
• Falling Rocket c. 1875

• Whistler, Symphony in White No. II:
• The Little White Girl
• Impressionist

refers to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.

"Art for art's sake" is the usual English rendering of a French slogan from the early 19th century, ''l'art pour l'art'', and expresses a philosophy that the intrinsic value of art, and the only "true" art, is divorced from any didactic, moral or utilitarian function. Such works are sometimes described as "autotelic", from the Greek autoteles, “complete in itself”, a concept that has been expanded to embrace "inner-directed" or "self-motivated" human beings.

Haussmann's Renovation of Paris, or the Haussmann Plan, was a modernization program of Paris commissioned by Napoléon III and directed by the Seine prefect, Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann, between 1853 and 1870.

formalism is the study of art by analysing and comparing form and style—the way objects are made and their purely visual aspects. In painting formalism emphasizescompositional elements such as color, line, shape and texture rather than iconography or the historical and social context.

influence of the arts of Japan on those of the West

Monet, Impression: Sunrise 1872

Monet, The Bridge at Argenteuil 1874

Monet, Boulevard de Capucines, Paris (Les Grandes Boulevards) 1873-4

Degas, The Jockey c. 1879

Degas, The Tub 1886

Morisot, Woman at Her Toilette c. 1875

Cassatt, Woman Bathing 1890-91

• Sargent, Madame X (Mme Pierre
• Gautreau) 1883-84

Homer, After the Hurricane 1899

Eakins, The Gross Clinic 1875

Seurat, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte 1884-6

• Signac, Opus 217. Against the Enamel
• of a Background Rhythmic with Beats and Angles, Tones and Tints, Portrait of M.
• Félix Fénéon in 1890, 1890

Cézanne, Battle of Love c. 1880

• Cézanne, The Bay of Marseille, seen from
• L’Estaque c. 1885

• Cézanne, Still Life with Basket of
• Apples c. 1893

• Moreau, The Apparition c. 1876
• Mystisisim

Puvis de Chavannes, Summer 1891