Epidemiology

to apply epidemiologic concepts to evaluate/study the distribution and determinants of disease fequency, injury, and disability (of mortality, morbidity, injury, and disability) in human populations

Observe and Describe

• Application of epidemiological statistics - ratios
• one number/another number X constant

one number/another number X constant

Culture and diversity play a role in health - influenced by access to care, health literacy, and demographic variables

• 1. dependence
• 2. independence
• 3. inter-dependence

Behaviors of one influence the behaviors of many

human populations

• 1. Study the etiology of diseases, disorders, and disabilities
• 2. identify agents associated with diseases
• 3. Assist in the development of health initiatives, services, andprograms
• 4. prevent/protect and control diseases

Refers to demongraphics variables that influence the etiology such as age, gender, race, sex, socio-economic, and marital stats

specific geographic location

Specific period of time

• an event that occurs irregularity or haphazardly - variable time
• Biostatistics - time series analysis - used to determine future patterns

• the constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a population (steady state).
•  - generally a disease for which we have prevention

disease presents constantly at a high rate and in all parts of the population

The disease is more prevalent in kids than in adults (kids infect kids).

• An event of acute illness thatdoes not reach pandemic or epidemic distribution
• - confined to a small geographic location

2 or more cases - 1st case is endemic state

• the number of observed diagnosed cases in a community, state, or region is greater than expected. 
• - expected number is endemic state
• - break or change in trend in a geographic region

the number of cases observed in a population is greater than expected (endemic state) in a large geographic location - country or world