Anatomy chapter 5

cells that have the ability to divide without limit and give rise to specialized cells

in humans, each somatic cell has 23 pairs of cromosome

makes movement possible

provides protection, form, and shape for the body' stores minerals and forms some blood cells

delivers oxygen, nutrients, and vital substances throughout the body' transports cellular waste products to the lungs and kidneys for excretion

helps maintain the internal fluid environment' produces some types of blood cells' regulates immunity

brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide and some water waste

provides the body with water, nutrients, and minerals' removes solid wastes

filters blood to remove wastes of cellular metabolism' maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance

facilitates procreation

provides external covering for protection; regulates the body temperature and water content

coordinates the reception of stimuli; transmits messages to stimulate movement

secretes hormones and helps regulate body activities

refers to the constant internal environment that is naturally maintained by the body

upward, excessive or again

development or formation of tissue

the lack of development of an organ or tissue

any abnormal development of tissues, recognized by cells that differ in size, shape, and apperance

underdevelopment of an organ or a tissue, and is less severe than aplasia

an abonormal increase in the number of normal cells in tissue

an increase in the size of an organ caused by an increase in the size of existing cells rather than the number of cells (as in hyperplasia)

characteristic of malignant tumors. refers to a change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterizedf by a loss of differentiation and reversal to a more primitive form

anterior

term is cephalad

meaning: toward the head

• term caudad
• meaning: toward the tail or in an inferior direction in human

divides the body into two equal haves

cranial and spinal cavities

lines the abdominopelvic cavity and enfolds the internal organs

pertaining to the extremities of the body

dermatitis of the extremities

cyanosis of the extremities

abnormal coldness of the extremities

abnormal enlargement of the body extremities

• RUQ
• LUQ
• RLQ
• LLQ

surgical puncture of the chest wall for aspiration of fluids

surgical procedure that is performed to remove excess fluids from the abdominal cavity or to inject a therapeutic agent

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

can result if infectious microorganisms gain access by way of surgical incisions or by the rupture or perforation of viscera or associated structures

congenital herniation of the navel

is the study of fingerprints

means cramping of a finger or toe

inflammation of the bones

disease of the nails

disease of the nails caused by a fungus

spreading from one part of the body to another part

• cocci
• bacilli
• spirilla

simplest organims of the animal kingdom

microorganisms that feed by absorbing organic molecules from their surroundings. They may be parasitic andmay invade living organic substances.

a minute microorganism that replicates only within a cell of a living plant or animal.