Ch. 21 Theatre

any sound effects created by editing, manipulating, or changing previously recorded sounds

a musical instrument that creates sound electronically; can be used to create a close facsimile of instrumental, natural, or vocal tones

the sound-transmission characteristics of a room, space, or material; also, the science that studies these qualities

to adjust the loudness and equalization levels of individual signals while mixing, to achieve an appropriate blend

the characteristic tone produced by a vibrating body; the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch

a unit for expressing the intensity of sounds; an increase or decrease of one unit is just about the smallest change in loudness that the human ear can detect

frequencies that are exact multiples of a fundamental pitch or frequency

to reflect in a series of echos

a magnetic-tape transport mechanism to record an electrical signal on magnetic tape; also used to play back that signal; does not contain a playback amplifier and speaker

a device that converts energy from one state into another--for example, a microphone or loudspeaker

a transducer used to convert sound waves into electrical energy

a device used to boost the signal received from a transducer to a level that will drive a loudspeaker

a transducer used to convert an electrical signal into mechanical energy (the movement of a vibrating membrane); converts a signal from an amplifier into audible sound

a generic term referring to the intensity of the component frequencies in any particular sound

an electronic device that selectively boosts or attenuates specific frequencies or ranges of frequencies

devices used to play recorded sound; usually composed of some combination of a turntable, a tape deck, a CD player, or a computer; an equalizer; an amplifier; and a speaker

a device that boosts the level of a signal, without alteration or reshaping, to the requisite input signal level of the next piece of equipment in a sound system

an equalizer with individual slide controls affecting specific, usually narrow, segments of the sound spectrum; so called because the position of the individual controls graphically displays a picture of the equalization of the full sound spectrum

a low-frequency speaker, with a frequency range from 20 to approximately 150-250 Hz

a speaker designed to reproduce the middle range of audible frequencies--roughly, 200-1000 Hz

a high-frequency speaker, generally used to reproduce from approximately 1000-20,000 Hz

a unit housing a large magnet that vibrates a very thin metallic diaphragm to create mid-range and high-frequency sounds

a dispersion device attached to the front of a pressure driver to direct the sound emitted by the driver into a specific pattern

a system (root-mean-square) providing an accurate picture of the energy-dissipation characteristics of sound equipment

to decrease or lessen

a signal voltage range of approximately .75 to 1 volt; specified as a range rather than one particular voltage because the voltage and current of the signal vary with the intensity and frequency of the sound

the property of being able to be assigned; an assignable input may be connected to any output or any number of outputs

a mixer device with four inputs and two outputs

the sound environment; the sound effects, music, and reinforcement being used at any particular moment in a play

enabled by the MIDI Show Control protocol, show control generally refers to the process of using computers to precisely control the various equipment--sound playback, lighting, stage rigging, and so forth--used in a theatrical event

a digital file containing all the music and effects cue, in sequence, for an entire production; variously called show tape, sound file, production show tape, production sound file

the electronic equivalent of a loudness setting for the line level signal. An optimum signal would be loud enough to be distinctly heard by the next equipment in line--the power amplifier--but not so loud as to introduce distortion

the amount of time it takes for a fade--either fade-up or fade-down--to be completed

to record on a CD

voltage produced when pressure is placed on certain crystals

the electrical capacity of a condenser, or capacitor

resistance in an AC circuit; the only difference between it and resistance is that it is defined as resistance to the flow of an alternating current