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The flashcards below were created by user
lestona
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4w.i.u Embryo (2)
- nervous development occurs, followed by tooth development
- NEURAL CREST CELLS (ectoderm) appear during CNS development
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5-6w.i.u Embryo (2)
- - primitive oral cavity (STOMODEUM) forms close to the heart
- - embryo is formed of three GERM LAYERS (ecto/meso/endo-derm)
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Neural Crest Cells (5)
- - ECTODERM
- - MIGRATE from dorsal surface to mesenchyme of stomodeum
- - mesenchyme becomes ectomesenchyme
- - DIFFERENTIATE into other cells (a -> a + b, like stem cells)
- - send SIGNALS to neighbouring tissues
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Stomodeum (2)
- - primitive oral cavity
- - lined by ectoderm (two layers of BASAL COLUMNAR and SUPERFICIAL FLAT cells)
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Three Germ Layers (4)
- - ECTODERM (external lining, anything we can touch, eg. enamel, oral cavity, cornea, hair, skin)
- - MESODERM (intermediate lining, eg. blood, cartilage, bone, ligaments, muscle)
- - ENDODERM (internal lining, eg. digestive system)
- - all oral structures form from ECTODERM (mesoderm CT -> basement membrane -> ectoderm basal columnar and superficial flat cells become epithelium) and MESENCHYME
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Branchial Arches Development (4)
- - at 3w.i.u, embryo is flattened dorso-ventrally
- - 6 pairs of projections extend laterally
- - arches form cartilage, nerves, muscles and arteries in foetus
- - each arch has one source of nerve and blood supply (nerve supply of different structures correlates with their developmental origin)
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Branchial Arches Anatomy (5)
- - six arches, but five fuses to six
- - lined by ectoderm on outside, endoderm on inside and mesoderm in between (except first arch, ectoderm on inside and outside)
- - branchial pouch forms at endoderm fold (inside)
- - branchial cleft forms at ectoderm fold (outside)
- - first arch has two clefts, instead of one each
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Branchial Arch Names, Nerve Supply and Derivatives (2) and (10)
- 1. Mandibular (mandibular nerve)
- 2. Hyoid (facial nerve)
- Derivatives of Mandibular Arch
- 1. mandible and maxilla
- 2. lower lip, part of the upper lip and cheek
- 3. all teeth
- 4. all salivary glands
- 5. all muscles of mastication
- 6. anterior two thirds of the tongue
- Remnants of Meckel's Cartilage (in centre of branchial arch)
- 7. incus and malleus
- 8. lingual of the mandible
- 9. mental ossicles (genial tubercles)
- 10. sphenomandibular ligament (waterproof, must penetrate to numb)
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