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oathkeepr
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What are the three tectonic plates found in California?
- Pacific Plate
- North American Plate
- Juan de Fuca Plate
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theory of plate tectonics
explains earth's lithospheric structure and mountain-building processes
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How many years ago is it believed was the last time the plates were all joined together?
250 million years ago
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What was Pangaea?
a Greek word meaning "whole land".
was known as the supercontinent that the now 7 tectonic plates once were when it was whole approximately 250 million years ago.
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What is the oceanic crust composed of?
dense, heavy basaltic rocks
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What is the continental crust composed of?
lighter, granitic rocks
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What layer of the earth makes up the tectonic plates?
Lithosphere
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Lithosphere
The lithosphere is composed of the continental and oceanic crusts along with the hard upper mantle.
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What are the three types of plate boundaries?
- Convergent Boundary
- Divergent Boundary
- Transform (or Transcurrent) Boundary
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Convergent Boundary
- where an oceanic plate meets a continental plate
- long mountain ranges on land and deep trenches in the ocean form
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Divergent Boundary
- one plate splits into two plates
- deep valleys form on land and mid-oceanic ridges develop in the ocean
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Transform/Transcurrent Boundary
when two plates slide laterally past each other
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Which type of boundary creates new crust in the lithosphere?
Divergent Boundary
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Which type of boundary neither creates or destroys crust from the lithosphere?
Transform/Transcurrent Boundaries
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Which type of boundary destroys crust from the lithosphere?
Convergent Boundary
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What ancient plate has mostly subducted under the North American plate?
Farallon Plate
Worldview: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2_1dqgai10
Closeup: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth520/files/earth520/image/sm02Pac-NoAmflat.mov
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Which are the names of the plates that are remnants of the Farallon Plate?
- Juan de Fuca (North of California)
- Cocos Plate (South of California)
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Focus
during an earthquake, it is the underground location where the sudden movement occurs from energy built up that is released at a fault line
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Epicenter
the point on the earth's surface right above the focus
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Magnitude
the amount of energy released during an earthquake
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Richter Scale
- a method developed by California geologist Charles Richter
- scale from zero to twelve (not felt to catastrophic)
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What is the difference between a Richter Scale rating of 4 to 5?
a shaking amplitude that is 10 times larger
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Creep
The slow, steady downhill movement of soil and loose rock on a slope
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Intensity
the ground motion and resultant impact of an earthquake
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What is a method that is used to measure an earthquake's intensity?
Mercalli Scale
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Blind Thrust Fault
a fault line where the rocks primarily shift vertically but the fracture does not reach the surface
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Opposite to (1)_______ processes, which tend to increase the relief of the earth's surface, the (2)________ processes tend to lessen the relief by weathering and eroding down higher lands and filling up lower lands with the resulting sediments.
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Examples of internal forces...
earthquakes, fault movements, and volcanic eruptions
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