Biochemistry chapter 1.1

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What are the levels of organization in the body?

Atoms-->Molecules-->Macromolecules-->Organelles-->Cells-->Tissue-->Organ-->Organ System-->Body
Where is nitrogen found in the body?

Amino Acids/proteins and nucleic acids
Where is calcium found in the body?
- Bones and teeth
- It is the most abundant mineral/metal in the body.
Where is Phosphorus found in the body?

ATP and the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA
Where is potassium found in the body?

It is the main electrolyte/ion found inside the cell.
Where is sodium found in the body?

Main electrolyte/ion found outside the cell in the ECF.
Why is carbon the key atom in molecules?
- Can have 4 covalent bonds
- Strong C-C bonds
- Lots of energy is released when a C-C bond is broken
- When C undergoes combustion it forms CO2 which is a gas and is soluble in water.
What does ATP stand for?

Adenosine Triphosphate
What are the four major classes of biomolecules?

Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Lipids, and Carbohydrates
What are the characteristics of Proteins?
- Linear and un-branched
- Consist of 20 different amino acids
- Linked by peptide bonds
- Fold into 3D structures
What 3 major parts do nucleotides consist of?
- A base
- A 5C sugar (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA)
- At least one phosphate group
What happens to an ATP when it loses one or two phosphate groups?
- When it loses one phosphate group-ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)
- When it loses two phosphate groups-AMP (Adenosine monophosphate)
What structure do RNA form?

Because they are single-stranded they can assume a complex 3D structure.

Author:	albrow10
ID:	231818
Card Set:	Biochemistry chapter 1.1
Updated:	2013-08-30 01:39:08
Tags:	Biochemistry
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Description:	Biochemistry chapter 1.1
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