Cellular Anatomy

  1. What are centrioles?
    Paired organelles that organize spindle microtubules that attach to chromosomes during mitosis
  2. The area next to the nucleus that contains the centrioles is called the ____.
    Centrosome
  3. Centrioles are only visible in a cell when that cell is doing what?
    Undergoing mitosis
  4. What is referred to as the "colored stuff" fund in the nucleus & consisting of uncoiled chromosomes & assoc proteins?
    Chromatin
  5. What structure acts to suspend cellular organelles & contains enzymes that mediate cytosolic reactions such as glycolysis or fermentation?
    Cytoplasm
  6. What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
    Provides structural support for the cell.
  7. What 3 things compose the cytoskeleton?
    • Microtubules
    • Intermediate filaments
    • Microfilaments
  8. T or F; The cytoskeleton is not generally visible under the light microscope
    True
  9. What occurs in the smooth ER?
    • Lipid synthesis
    • Detox of drugs and alcohol
  10. What processes occur in the RER?
    Synthesis of proteins destined for the cell membrane, lysosomes or secretion
  11. In neurons the RER stains very dark & is called ___ substance.
    Chromatophilic
  12. The ___ ___ is a stack of flattened membranes.
    Golgi Apparatus
  13. Which organelle receives proteins fr the RER & then modifies, packages & sorts for delivery to other organelles or the plasma membrane?
    Golgi Apparatus
  14. Lysosomes are what?
    Membrane enclosed sacs containing digestive enzymes
  15. The function of a lysosomes is to what?
    Breakdown intracellular debris
  16. What organelle is the powerhouse" of the cell?
    Mitochondria
  17. Cellular respiration occurs in the ____.
    Mitochondria
  18. Define cellular respiration.
    Metabolic pathway that utilizes O2 in breakdown of food molecules to produce ATP
  19. What are the 2 functions of the nucleolis?
    • Synthesizes rRNA
    • Assembles ribosomes in the nucleus
  20. What is contained within the nucleus?
    A cells genetic material (DNA)
  21. Membrane enclosed sacs that contain catalase & other oxidative enzymes are called ___. 
    Peroxisomes
  22. Peroxisomes utilize enzymes to break down lipids & toxic substances how?
    1st converting them to H2O2 then breaking down H2O2 into water & O2
  23. What provides a selectively permeable barrier between intracellular and extracellular environments of the cell?
    Plasma membrane
  24. What occurs in the ribosomes?
    Protein synthesis
  25. Fixed ribosomes can be found where?
    Attached to RER 
  26. Where are free ribosomes found?
    Floating within the cytoplasm 
  27. What does the nucleus look like under a light microscope?
    A very dark stained feature in the center of a cell
  28. How do we recognize the nucleolus in a cell?
    Sm dark circular structure within the nucleus
  29. Can we view the plasma membrane w/a light microscope?
    No, only with electron microscopy however outer border of cell where it is located IS often visible 
Author
medic11
ID
233199
Card Set
Cellular Anatomy
Description
Cell A&P
Updated