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types I, II, and III hyprsensitivity reponses are
- immediated
- humoral immunity
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if you have had an allergy you have a tyoe ... reponse
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type IV hypersensitivity reactions are
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classifications of hypersensitivity reactions are
- source of antigen
- time (immediate or delayed)
- immunological mechanism causing tissue injury
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examples of type I hypersensitivity reactions =
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atopic =
inherited tendency
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posion ivy is what hypersensitivity reaction
type 4
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type I hypersensitivity cause what localized skin reaction
wheal and flare
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Atopic reactions
inherited tendency to become sensitive to environmental allergens
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examples of atopic reactions
- allergic rhinitis
- asthma
- atopic dermatitis
- urticaria
- angioedema
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angioedema =
localized skin lesions similar to hives but involving deeper layers of the skin and submucosa
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angioedema effects which areas
- eyelids
- lips
- tongue
- larynx
- hands and feet
- GI genitalia
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type II hypersensitivity reactions are what
cytotoxic and cytolytic reactions
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examples of type II reactions =
- hemolytic transfusion reactions
- Rh incompatibility reactions
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Type II reactions are mediated by what IG
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why do you have type II reactions
mistakenly identifies normal cell as foreiign and destroys target cell
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what happens in an acute hemolytic reaction
- agglutination
- bleeding
- urine has hemoglobin in it (because as cell dies it releases hemoglobin into the urine and plasma)
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reaction to blood most often occurs when
within first 15 minutes
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clinical manifestations of transfusion reaction
- chills
- backache
- headache
- CP
- tachypnea
- tachycardia
- hypotension
- hemoglobinuria
- jaundice
- dark urine
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Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction =
reaction occurs more than 24 hours after transfusion by may not occur up to 14 days
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delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction symptoms =
- 24 hours after transfusion
- fever
- mild jaundice
- decreased hemoglobin
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why would someone get a febrile transfusion reaction
due to leukocyte incompatability
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TRALI reaction =
- Transfusion-related acute lung injury reaction
- reaction between transfused anti-leukocyte antibodies and recipients leukocytes leading to pulomnary inflammation and edema
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type III reactions =
antigens combine with antibodies that are deposited in tissue and small blood vessels
- ie glomerular nephritis, rhematoid arthritis
- common site = kidneys, skin , joints, lungs, bllod vessels
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which hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by antibodies
1, II, III
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what reaction is mediated by T cells
IV
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contact dermatitis reactions in type
IV
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latex allergy reaction can be which type
- I and IV
- if type IV you get contact dermatitis
- type I = anaphylacsis
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foods that have cross sensitivity for a latex allergy
- bananas
- kiwis
- avocados
- chestnuts
- potatoes
- tomatoes
- grapes
- hazelnuts
- peaches
- apricots
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what is greatest risk factor of latex allergy
multiple exposures to latex
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type IV latex allergy is caused by
chemicals used in the making of latex
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typical signs and symptoms of contact dermatitis
- itching
- cracking
- fissuring
- redness
- swelling
- crusting
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autoimmune disease =
immune response against self
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