Macroeconomics Test 1

  1. The study of how society makes choices in using its limited resources.
    Economics
  2. What we give up to get something else.
    Opportunity cost
  3. A market in which profit opportunities are eliminated almost instantaneously.
    efficient market
  4. Best described as the study of the choices made by individual households, firms, and governments.
    Microeconomics
  5. Is best described as the study of nation's economy as a whole.
    Macroeconomics
  6. An approach to economics that applies statistical techniques and data to economic problems.
    positive economics.
  7. answers the question "What ought to be?"
    Normative economics
  8. The compilation of data that describe phenomena and facts refers to
    descriptive economics.
  9. The four criteria that are frequently used in judging the outcome of economic policy are efficiency, stability, economic growth, and equity.
  10. The process by which resources are transformed into useful forms.
    Production
  11. Economists refer to things that have already been produced that are in turn used to produce other goods and services as
    capital.
  12. According to the theory of ________, specialization and free trade will benefit all trade partners, even when some are absolutely more efficient producers than others.
    comparative advantage
  13. Saving is an example of
    trading present benefits for future benefits.
  14. Because resources are scarce, the opportunity cost of investment in capital is… foregone present consumption.
  15. All the combinations of goods and services that can be produced if all of society's resources are used efficiently are represented on an
    economy's production possibility frontier.
  16. The value of the slope of a society's production possibility frontier is called its…
    marginal rate of transformation.
  17. Production decisions are centralized in a…
    command economy.
  18. In a ________ economy, the behavior of buyers and sellers determines what gets produced, how it is produced, and who gets it.
    laissez-faire
  19. In which system are decisions made by thousands of people who have information about resources, production technology and consumer desires?
    market system
  20. In a laissez-faire economy, what provides individuals the information needed to make decisions?
    prices
  21. According to the law of demand there is negative relationship between ________ and ________.
    price; quantity demanded
  22. If the demand for mac and cheese decreases as income increases, mac and cheese is a(n) inferior good.
  23. If the demand for green tea increases as income increases, green tea is a(n)
    normal good.
  24. Suppose the demand for lawnmowers goes down when the price of gasoline goes up. We can say that these two goods are…
    complements.
  25. Demand for one item goes down when the price of another item goes down. These items must be…
    substitutes.
  26. A change in the ________ of a good or service leads to a change in ________ that leads to a ________.
    price; quantity demanded; movement along the demand curve
  27. A change in ________ leads to a change in demand that causes a ________.
    income or price of other goods; shift in the demand curve
  28. According to the law of ________, there is a positive relationship between price and supply;
    the quantity supplied
  29. The change in the ________ of a good leads to a change in ________, which leads to price;
    quantity supplied; movement along a supply curve
  30. When quantity demanded equals quantity supplied the market is in
    equilibrium.
  31. Which of the following will definitely occur when there is a simultaneous increase in demand and an increase in supply?
    an increase in equilibrium quantity
  32. Which of the following will definitely occur when there is a decrease in the supply of and an increase in demand for wireless speakers?
    an increase in equilibrium price
  33. A situation where illegal trading at market prices takes place is known in economics as a…
    black market.
  34. An example of a ________ would be the government setting the price of coffee below the equilibrium price.
    price ceiling
  35. An effective price floor must be…
    set above the equilibrium price.
  36. An effective price ceiling must be…
    set below the equilibrium price.
  37. A surplus will occur if a ________ is set ________ the equilibrium price.
    price floor; above
  38. A shortage will occur if a ________ is set ________ the equilibrium price.
    price ceiling; below
  39. The rationing mechanism in market economies is the
    adjustment of price
Author
twinster
ID
234080
Card Set
Macroeconomics Test 1
Description
Easy definitions
Updated