bio 130 chpt 3

cell membrane; separates cell contents from extracellular fluid

material between cell membrane and nuclear membrane; colloid containing many proteins

subdivision of cytoplasm known as intacellular fluid

subdivision of cytoplasm known as "little organs" intracellular structures with specific functions

not completely enclosed by membranes indirect contact with cytosol

what are the 5 nonmembraneous organelles

enclosed in a phospholipid membrane isolated from cytosol

what are the 6 membraneous organelles

structure: membrane extensions containing microfilaments
function: increase surface area for absorption

organizing center containing pair of centrioles

structure: fine protein filaments or tubes
function: strength and support, intracellular movement of structures and materials

structure: RNA and proteins; fixed: attached to endoplasmic reticulum; free: scattered in cytoplasm; 
function:protein synthesis

structure: vesicles containing degradative enzymes
function: catabolism of fats/ other organic compounds, neutralization of toxic compounds

structure: vesicles containing digestive enzymes
function: removal of damaged organelles or pathogens

structure: stacks of flattened membranes (cisternae) containing chambers
function:storage, aleration, and packaging of synthesized products

structure: double membrane inner member contains metabolic enzymes 
function: production of 95% of cellular ATP
power house of cell

structure: fluid nucleoplasm containing enzymes, proteins, DNA, and nucleotides; surrounded by double membrane
function: control of metabolism, storage/processing of genetic information; control of protein synthesis
controlling center of cell

structure: membranous sheets and channels 
function: synthesis of secretory products, storage, and transport

no attached ribosomes, synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates

attached ribosomes, modifies/packages newly synthesized proteins

selectively permeable that controls entry of ions and nutrients, elimination of wastes, release of secretions

superficial membrane carbohydrates; components of complex molecules

carbohydrates with protein attached

protein with carbohydrates attached

lipids with carbohydrates attached

cell recognition, binding to extracellular structures, lubrication of cell surface

part of cell membrane, cannot be removed without damaging cell, often span entire cell membrane, can transport water or solutes (transmembrane proteins)

attached to cell membrane surface, removable, fewer than integral proteins

mostly comprised of phospholipid molecules in two layers, isolate cytoplasm from extracellular fluid

hydrophilic heads at membrane surface, hydrophobic tails on the inside

physical isolation, regulation of exchange with external enviornment, sensitivity to environment, structural support, lipid bayer provides isolation, proteins perform most other functions

6nm in diameter, typically composed of cell, commonly at periphery of cell

finger-shaped extensions of cell membrane, has core of of microfilaments to stiffen and anchor, enhance surface area of cell for absorption

layer inside plasma membrane in cells forming a layer or lining

7-11nm in diameter, strongest and most durable cytoskeleton elements

25nm in diameter, largest components of cytoskeleton, extend outward from centrosome (near nuclues)