-
how are anti-infective drugs classified
- their susceptible organism
- chemical structure
- mechanisms of action (ie = inhibition of cell wall synthesis
-
bacteriocidal vs bacteriostatic =
- cidal - kills
- static - inhibits growth
-
mechanisms of action of antimicrobial drugs
- cell wall synthesis inhibitors
- DNA synthesis inhibitors
- Antimetabolites
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- RNA synthesis inhibitors
-
mechanism of resistance by bacteria
- destroy drug (enzyme production)
- prevent drug entering pathogen
- remove drug via resistance pumps
- alter drug's target site
- develop alternative metabolic pathways
-
MRSA is still sensitive to
Vancomycin
-
MRSA that are resistant to vancomycin may have susceptibilty to
linezolid (zyvox)
-
VRE =
vancomycin-resistant enterococci
-
can antiinfectives be given prophylacticly
- yes ie
- surgery
- dog bitesHIV-AIDS
- prosthetic heart valves
- anti-malarial etc
-
General nursing consideration with administrations of anti-infectives
- allergy
- anaphylactic reaction
- co-mobidities
- BUN, creatinine
- ALT AST - elevation = liver pathology
- WBC, C&S, UA
- VS
- superinfection - vaginal itching, oral white patches
-
typical GI effects of antibiotics
- N/V
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
- decreased LOC
-
typical neurological effects of antibiotics =
- drowsiness
- dizziness
- headache
- decreased LOC
-
nephrotoxicity effects of antibiotics =
- decreased UOP
- dark urine
- weight gain (>2.2lbs in a day)
-
hepatotoxicity in antibiotics =
- jaundice
- fatigue
- light colored stool
- dark urine
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