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How many pairs of nerves?
- 31 total pairs
- Cervical 8 (C1-C7 exit above, C8 below C7)
- Thoracic 12
- Lumbar 5
- Sacrum 5
- Coccygeal 1
- All exit below corresponding vertebra besides C1-C7
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Thoracic Nerves splint into a posterior and anterior....
Rami
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Cervical Plexus
- C1-C4 spinal nerves
- Innervate deep muscles of neck, anterior neck, levator scapula, SCM and traps
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Phrenic Nerve
- C3-C5
- Only innervation of diaphragm for motor and main sensory
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Brachial Plexus
- Anterior primary rami of C5-T1.
- Provides motor and sensory.
- Innervation to muscles from multiple roots (nerves overlap innervation locations)
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Axillary
- Thoracic
- Deltoid
- Teres minor
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Radial
- Thoracic
- Extension of elbow, wrist, and fingers
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Median
- Thoracic
- Forearm pronation
- Wrist and finger flexion
- Thumb abduction and opposition
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Ulnar
- Thoracic
- Wrist and finger flexion
- Finger abd/add
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Lumbosacral Plexus
- Anterior primary rami of L1-S3
- Muscles of thigh, lower leg, and foot
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Femoral
- Hip flexion
- Knee extension
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Inferior Gluteal
Glute max
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Sciatic Nerve
- Hamstring
- Hip extension
- Knee flexion
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Common Peroneal
- Comes off of sciatic
- Anterior and lateral leg
- Dorsum of foot
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Tibial
- From sciatic
- Posterior of leg
- Plantar Flexion Foot
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Efferent Peripheral Nerve Fiber
- Large cel body
- Multiple branched dendrites and long axon
- Cell bodies in anterior horn
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Afferent Peripheral Nerve Fiber
- Long dendrite originating in skin, tendon or GTO
- Travels to cell body in dorsal root ganglion
- Travels through dorsal root of spinal nerve into SC thru dorsal horn
- Can terminate at horn or enter white matter fiber tracts and ascend
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GTO
- Golgi tendon organ
- Encapsulated nerve endings found at musculotendenous junction
- They're sensitive to tension with in muscle tendons and transmit this info to SC
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SNS
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Dilates lungs and contricts blood
- Flight or fight response
- Norepinephrine (neurotransmitter) controls circulation
- HR and BP increase
- Increase blood flow to muscles
- Decreased blood flow to GI
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Cranial and Sacral dominate the innervation for this nervous system...
Parasympathetic
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Thoracic and lumbar innervate this nervous system....
Sympathetic
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PNS
- "Rest and digest" or "feed and breed"
- Maintain vital body function/homeostasis
- Info recieved from brainstem and from lower sacral segment of SC
- Relates to CNIII, VII, IX, X
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CN X
- Vagus
- Innervates myocardium and smooth muscles of lungs and digestive tract
- Stimulation causes bradycardia, decreased stroke volume, increase of mucus, peristalsis and glandular secretions.
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PNS Sacral Components
- Bowel
- Bladder
- Sexual arousal
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Acelylcholine
Produces vasodilatation reversing SNS
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Brain requires constant circulation due to...
Requires readily available glycogen for energy since it cannot create its own
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