|
Home > Preview
The flashcards below were created by user
Anonymous
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
John Augustus
- "father" of probation
- bailed out more than 2,000 inmates and children who were awaiting trial - only 4 recidivated
-
Most Common Correctional Sentencing
Probation - serving time in the community (limited rights)
-
Regular Caseloads
standard probationers requiring no special program or supervision
-
Intensive Supervision Caseloads
- higher risk offenders
- created as an alternative to prison
-
Special Caseloads
- offenders with similar issues
- i.e.: substance abuse, mental illness, history of sex offenses
-
Standard Conditions of Probation
- conditions everyone on probation follows (vary by state, but is the same for the same offenses)
- remain within jurisdiction
- report to PO as directed
- maintain employment
- refrain from excessive use of alcohol (no drugs)
- don't commit any crimes
-
Special Conditions of Probation
- drug or alcohol counseling
- drug testing (random)
- mental health counseling
- non association with certain persons (i.e.: gangs)
- stay out of bars and poolrooms
-
Mempa v. Rhay (1967)
right to attorney during revocation hearing
-
United States v. Birbaum (1970)
probation is a privilege, not a right
-
Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)
identified due process rights for parole hearings
-
Gagnon v. Scarpelli (1973)
extended Morrissey rights to probationers
-
"Broken Windows" Strategy
- promptly addressing issues to avoid greater instability
- minimum supervision - offender can do whatever they want
- regular supervision - heavy caseloads
- intensive supervision - watching too close, find everything
-
Risk Principle
target resources for higher risk offenders
-
Need Principle
focus on needs which could lead to new crimes
-
Responsivity Principle
not one size fits all (reactive - case by case)
-
Dosage
first 6-9 months of supervision has highest risk of recidivism
-
Treatment Principle
integrated treatment plan
-
Intermediate Sanctions
- intense punishments (typically surveillance)
- (i.e.: economic sanctions, intensive probation, "shock" time, boot camps, residential centers, house arrest, community service, electronic monitoring)
-
Intensive Supervision Probation
- initiated in Georgia in 1974 to more closely monitor higher-risk probationers
- watched more closely, which initially resulted in more probation violations
-
Electronic Monitoring
- notifies PO if offender is not in authorized location
- GPS can identify offender's location
- cost is borne by offender
-
Community Residential Centers (CRC)
recognized in the 1980s as an aid to probationers who needed greater structure
-
Operations of Boot Camp
- correctional boot camps are similar to military boot camps (usually for juveniles)
- (i.e.: short hair, shined shoes, uniforms, discipline, exercise, hard work)
-
Shock Probation
- short period of incarceration during probation as an intermediate sanction for violations
- objective deterrence
-
Net-Widening and its Problems
- intermediate sanctions should divert offenders from prison
- intermediate sanctions should reduce the cost of corrections
- intermediate sanctions should reduce recidivism
|
|
Get the free mobile app
Take the Quiz
Learn more
Learn more