cognition chapter 3

properties of the world that are manifested in cognitive systems (mental and neural representations)

representations dont only concern _____ properties of the world (sounds, colors) buy also may relate to more ____ forms of knowledge ( knowledge of beliefs of other people, factual knowledge)

there is unlikely a ___ relationship between a _____ construct and the response properties of _____ single neurons

measures of responsiveness of a neuron to a given stimulus in terms of action potentials per second

time taken between the onset of a stimulus event and the production of a behavioral response

event related potential (ERP) is based on measurements of different signals generated by the brain at different points on the scalp.

function imaging methods (such as PET or fMRI) are better at

the electrical activity (in terms of action potentials per second) of many individually recorded neurons

action potential is directly measures in the method of ____ ____ recordings. these recordings can be obtained by

in this view all the information about a stimulus/ event is carried in one of the neurons (like a grandmother cell)

in this view all the information about a stimulus/event is carried in all the neurons in a given population

in this (most accurate view) a distributed representation in which a small proportion of the neurons carry information about the stimulus/event

although sparse coding the most accurate out of the three representations...

informational content of a neuron may be related to the number of action potentials per second

the synchrony of firing may be used by a population of neurons to code the same stimulus or event

if two regions were stimulated with a single bar of light the two regions would be s

to gain an EEG measure one needs to compare the voltage between two or more different sites (using a reference point). In general....

the context of ___ changed elicited by particular stimuli and cognitive tasks. This waveform reflects ____ _____ form all parts of the brain. Some of this activity may specifically relate to the current task

basic idea is that changes in the nature or efficiency of information processing will manifest themselves in the time it takes to complete a task

reaction times are faster to a stimulus if that stimulus is preceded by a stimulus meaning

ERP component that depends on the physical properties of a stimulus

ERP component that depends on the properties of the task (what the participant is required to do with the stimulus)

exogenous components tend to be

the electrical potential at the scalp is known but the number, location and magnitide of the electrical sources in the brain are unknown

an attempt to solve the inverse problem in ERP research that involves assuming how many dipoles (regions of electrical activity) contribute to the signal recorded at the scalp.

recording of magnetic signals as opposed to electrical ones

characteristics of MEG

characteristics of EEG/ ERP