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Brain stem functions
central processing of respiration, heart rate, balance, and blood pressure
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Reticular activating system function
- controls inhibitory and excitatory function both by receiving impulses all over the body and relaying them to the cortex
- arousal, wakefulness, consciousness, sleep regulation, and learning
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raphe nuclei function
primary source for serotonin (5-HT)
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locus coeruleus function
- primary source of norepinephrine
- instant fear response
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substantia nigra function
major source of dopamine for the brain
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cerebellum function
- coordinates planning, timing, and patterning of skeletal muscle contraction during movement
- responsible for the storage, retrieval, and use of procedural memory
- involved in recognizing social cues and eases participation in social interactions
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frontal lobe function
- ability to think and plan; regulates emotions and behavior and stability of the personality; inhibits primitive emotional responses
- controls general motor ability and motor aspects of spoken and written word
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prefrontal cortex function
- comprehends the beliefs, intentions, and perspective of others
- involved in cravings
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parietal lobe function
- sensory function of touch, taste, and temp and the perception of pain
- proprioception
- regulates the ability to evaluate muscular activity
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temporal lobe function
- complex process of memory, judgment, and learning
- processes the world of sight and sound into meaningful info
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occipital lobe function
vision
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limbic system
- anger, fear, anxiety, pleasure, sorrow, and sexual feelings
- reward center of the brain
- interpretation of smell and visceral reflexes
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amygdala function
- coordinates the action of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system and is involved in the control of emotions
- nurturing behavior and fear conditioning
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hippocampus function
- critical info processing station
- regulate the immune system and collating memories
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nucleus accumbens function
reward center of the brain
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thalamus function
- impressions of agreeableness or disagreeableness in response to sensations
- monitors sensory input and acts as a relay station
- pain sensations
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hypothalamus function
- homeostasis
- converts thinking and feeling into hormones
- helps regulate autonomic nervous system
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suprachiasmatic nuclei function
responsible for circadian rhythms
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basal ganglia function
organize complex patterns of thought and movement under the influence of emotional tone
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Dopamine functions
motor activity, motivation, and reward
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serotonin function
- mood and emotional behavior
- soother, constrainer, and anti-impulsive
- decreases person's focus and flow of info
- allows a person to stop a particular behavior when a person achieves what he needs
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norepinephrine and epinephrine function
- mediating the sympathetic nervous system
- key component of the emergency flight-fight system
- increases attention and decreases pain sensitivity
- enhances memory for stressful and traumatic events
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acetylcholine function
- learning and memory; mood and sleep disorder; emotional regulation, social play, exploration, thermoregulation, water intake, and motor function
- increases the production of nerve growth factor
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histamine function
sexual behavior?
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gamma-aminobutyric acid function
principle inhibitory neurotransmitter that regulates anxiety and influences muscular coordination
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glutamate function
- excites neurons and makes them fire
- learning and memory as well as the development and strengthening of synapses
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galanin function
memory, mood, learning, epilepsy, and weight
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cholecystokinin functions
- anxiety producing
- inhibit food intake in adults
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orexins functions
- affect sleep and arousal and are implicated in narcolepsy
- play a role in hunger and satiation, cardiovascular function
- reward and motivation
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endorphin and enkephalin function
ability to experience pleasure and protect from pain perception
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DHEA function
improves cognition, protects the immune system, decreases cholesterol, promotes bone growth, and serves as an antidepressant
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oxytocin functions
- promotes touching and touching produces more
- decreases cognition and impairs memory
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vasopressin function
- improves cognition through enhancing the attention and alertness while reducing emotional extremes
- focuses us on the present
- helps us pay attention
- antidote for anxiety and depression
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PEA function
hormone of love
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melatonin function
- immunostimulator agent
- regulates sleep-wake cycle and other biological rhythms
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carbon monoxide function
inhibits platelet aggregation, vasodilator
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