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B. TECH TEST I | Set I
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Live Load
the weight the users bring into the building
this includes: furniture, equipment, etc.
Dead Load
the weight of the building
Lamella Truss
A structural web with a repeating identical diamond pattern
Connection: it is connected middle to end repeatedly
Jigs or templates are often used
It transfers the load to the ground
Temporary supports are used at the beginning
Rain/Snow Load
the load created by rain/snow collection on the roof
Wind Loads
create pressure from all different diretions (including upward and downward)
Seismic Load
forces created due to an earthquake
What are the 3 major building parts?
1. Superstructure
2. Substructure
3. Foundation
Superstructure
building above the ground
Substructure
basement
Foundation
has to reach under solid soil and reach down into the undisturbed soil (below the frostline)
Depth of Foundation
designed to control settlement, create uniform settling
Geotechnical Engineering
-subsurface exploration and soil testing
-penetration tests
-test boring
-test pits
What do you do to test the sold for bearing capacity?
-penetration tests
-test boring
-test pits
What do you need to check for your foundation?
-undisturbed soil
-frost line depth
What foundations are used for heavy construction?
-Deep Foundations
: Caissons; Socketed Caisson, etc.
-Piles
-Pile Drivers
Migration through the soil of ______ must be managed.
Water
Types of Foundation
-slab in grade, reinforced trench footings; there has to be footing below the frostline (this is the most basic type of foundation)
-shallow foundations on spread footing
-crawl space with spread footings and short foundation walls
Benchmark Elevation
***COME BACK TO THIS
Steel Form Work
utilizes steel wedges and form ties which keeps it from blowing out
How do you anchor a building to the foundation?
-anchor bolts through the plate (sill seal is used to keep out water)
Retaining Wall Failure
1. Overturning
2. Sliding
3. Undermining
Drip Line
Softwoods
Evergreens
Hardwoods
Broad Leaf
FSC
Forest Stewardship Council
-3rd party that ensures that the growth and harvesting of forests is sustainable.
How do you season lumber?
-must be dried to prevent shrinkage and distortion
-can be done by air-dry or heated in a kiln
-generally lumber has 3-% moisture, but needs to be at 19%
Green Lumber
lumber that has just been cut down
Pressure Treated Lumber
-a process that forces chemical preservatives into the lumber to create lumber that is resistant to rot and insects
-CCA
: old, harmful, no longer used
-ACQ
: new, currently used
What is a deciding factor when selecting lumber for a project?
-some lumber can touch the ground(earth) and some can't
Types of Engineered Lumber
-Plywood
-OSB
-Particle Board
-Fiber Board
Gluelams
large beams made up of dimension lumber and often left structurally exposed in buildings
Paralams
structural beams stretching from load bearing point to load bearing point
(equivalent to OSB)
Microlams/Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL's)
-often used from smaller beams
-made of wood veneers (similar to plywood)
I-Joist
***
Veneer
a thing non-structural layer of finish quality
3 Matching Types for Veneers
1. Random Matching
2. Book Matching
3. Slip Matching
Wood Fastening
-Nails
-Face Nails
-End Nails
-Toe Nails
Fasteners
-bolt
-screw
-washer
Heavy Timber Framing Types
-braced frame
-bent
-crucks
-pit dwelling
Bent
built on the ground and then stood up
Heavy Timber Connections
-Steel connections
-Mortise and Tenon
Mortise and tenon
Stave Construction
****
Vertical Wood Structural....
***
Light Gauge Steel Construction
-runner channels
-structural members
Structural Framing Members
Advantages
-non combustible
-lighter weight
-longer spans
-consistently sized members
-more stable in humid conditions
-termite resistant
-less drilling for services
-100% recyclable
Structural Framing Members
Disadvantages
-not yet the standard practice
-more labor intensive than wood
-thermal conductivity
-condensation
-insulation costs
-high fastener costs
-galvanic action (when two metals come in contact and cause corrosion)
-not a renewable resource
Light Gauge Steel Framing Accessories
Yield Strength
irreversible deformation caused by
compression
Tensile Strength
the ability of a structural material to withstand
stretching forces
Hot Rolled Steel
basic steel that is made by passing through two rollers at a temperature that is higher then the recrystalization temperature
Cold Rolled Steel
occurs after hot rolling
-is harder to work with
-doesn't rust as easily
-generally used for finished products, normally has a shinny finish
Tube
Pipe
Channel
Components of a Simple Steel Structure
-Joists
-Girders
-Beams
-Open Web Joists
Painting Terms
-
Pigment
: color
-
Fillers
: carries the color
-
Binders
: binds the filler and pigment together and to the material being painted
-
Primer
: bonds to the surface
-Finish Coat Paint
Author
porgitech
ID
237299
Card Set
B. TECH TEST I | Set I
Description
Building Tech I: Test I: Study Material
Updated
9/27/2013, 4:12:00 PM
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