The flashcards below were created by user
hchristensen
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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What is the term for the stimulus detection process where our sense organs respond to and translate stimuli into nerve impulses sent to the brain?
sensation
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What is the term for the active process of organizing stimulus input and giving it meaning?
perception
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What is the term that describes how intense a stimulus needs to be in order for us to recognize its presence?
stimulus detection
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What is the term for the lowest intensity at which a stimulus can be detected at least 50% of the time?
absolute threshold
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What is the term for the minimum change in a stimulus that can be detected?
just noticeable difference
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What law states that the difference threshold is directly proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus to which the comparison is being made?
- Weber's Law
- backpack example
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What law states that larger and larger increases in physical energy are required to produce equal increases in perception?
- Fechner's Law
- light bulb example
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What is the term that describes how various factors influence our sensory judgment and often involves a process of decisions in addition to sensation?
signal detection theory
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What term describes the fact that over time neurons decrease activity in response to a constant stimulus?
sensory adaptation (habituation)
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What part of the eye is behind the cornea and adjusts to control the amount of light that enters the eye?
pupil
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What part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
iris
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What part of the eye is a hole in the retina and is the blind spot of the eye?
optic disk
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What kind of light sensitive receptor cells function best in dim light, are primarily black/white brightness receptors, and are more sensitive to light?
rods
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What kind of light sensitive receptor cells function best in bright light and serve as color receptors?
cones
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What part of the eye is where the optic nerves from each eye cross over and pass information to the opposite side of the brain?
optic chiasm
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What is the term for what is commonly meant by color (influenced by length)?
hue
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What is the term for the color's purity and describes how it is diluted with black or white?
saturation
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What theory states that there are three types of color receptors in the retina and that individual cones are most sensitive to either red, blue, or green?
trichromatic theory
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What theory states that each type of cone responds to two different wavelengths (red/green, blue/yellow, black/white)?
color-opponent system
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What is the term for the number of sound waves in cycles per second?
frequency
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What is the term for the quality of a tone from low to high and is the number of times particles oscillate per second?
pitch
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What is the term for the height/depth of a wave, corresponds with loudness?
amplitude
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What is the term for the wave purity or mixture of sound?
complexity/timbre
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What part of the ear is a moveable membrane which vibrates in response to sound waves?
ear drum
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What theory states that nerve impulses sent to the brain match the frequency of the sound waves?
temporal code/frequency theory
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What theory states that different areas of the basilar membrane are sensitive to different frequencies?
place code/place theory
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What is the term for chemical signals which are found in natural body scents in humans and other species?
pheremones
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What are the three primary sensations?
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What is the term for the body's way of giving feedback about our muscle and joint position and gives us a sense of coordinated movement?
kinesthetics
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What part of the ear helps with balance and maintaining our equilibrium in space?
vestibular system
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What is the term for mental representations or images for comparison?
perceptual schemas/template
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What is the term for objects that appear to be relatively stable despite changes in the stimulation of sensory receptors?
perceptual constancy
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What is the term for when objects do not appear to change in size when viewed from different distances?
size constancy
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What is the term for failure to perceive objects that are not the focus of our attention?
inattentional blindness
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What is the term for failure to perceive/detect changes in the details of a scene?
change blindness
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What is the term that describes the fact that objects project images to different locations on the right and left retina which give a different view of the object? The closer an item gets the greater the difference between the images on the eyes.
retinal disparity
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What is the term for how the retina receives information in two dimensions (length and width) and the brain translates into three dimensions?
depth perception
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