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product of fermentation in many types of cells, including human muscle cells
lactic acid
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removes electrons from NADH molecules and recycles NAD+ molecules for glycolysis
fermentation
-
produces molecules that carry energy to the 2nd part of cellular respiration. Takes place in the interior space of the mitochondria
Krebs cycle
-
process that doesn't need oxygen to take place
anaerobic
-
splits glucose into 2 three carbon molecules and makes 2 molecules of ATP
glycolysis
-
a process where it needs oxygen to take place
aerobic
-
releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present
cellular respiration
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whats the goal of cellular respiration?
make ATPS
-
whats the waste of cellular respiration?
water and heat
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_ is used to make water of stage 2 of cellular respiration
oxygen
-
stage 2 of cellular respiration makes a large number of _
ATPs
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stage 2 of cellular respiration is powered by what?
stage 1 (Krebs cycle)
-
whats the process of stage 2 cellular respiration?
electron transport chain
-
where does stage 2 of cellular respiration take place?
in the inner membrane mitochondria
-
what is given off as waste in cellular respiration?
CO2
-
what fuels stage 2 of cellular respiration?
energy-carrying molecules
-
what is made from the breaking of 2 three carbon molecules?
energy carrying molecules
-
whats the process of cellular respiration stage 1?
Krebs cycle
-
where does the 1st stage of cellular respiration take place?
mitochondria
-
cellular respiration splits glucose into _ _ -_ _
2; 3-carbon sugars
-
what kind of process is cellular respiration?
anaerobic
-
each stage of cellular respiration has its own _
location
-
Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down _
sugars
-
ATP is highly _, and when the 3rd phosphate breaks off, _ is released
unstable; energy
-
_ is the quickest form of energy available in the body
ATP
-
in ATP, energy is currently used by _
organisms
-
what does ATP stand for?
adenosine triphosphate
-
_, _, and _ r essential to create energy
water, food, and oxygen
-
what kind of process is alcoholic fermentation?
anaerobic
-
what are the products of alcoholic fermentation?
Alcohol and CO2
-
where does alcoholic fermentation occur?
in yeast
-
what is the reactant of glycolysis? Product?
glucose; 2 three based carbon molecules
-
what is the stage before cellular respiration?
glycolysis
-
what does build up of lactic acid cause?
muscle fatigue and soreness
-
_ _ is one of the final products of fermentation
lactic acid
-
where does lactic acid fermentation occur?
in human muscle cells
-
glycolysis with oxygen=_; without oxygen=_
cellular respiration; fermentation
-
what happens in both fermentation and cellular respiration?
glycolysis
-
the first step of glycolysis takes place in the _. What always happens in fermentation?
cytoplasm; glycolysis
-
what kind of process is fermentation?
anaerobic
-
what is the purpose of fermentation?
it allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is not available
-
_ allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen
fermentation
-
what kind of reaction is photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
endothermic
-
which process is the equation: C6H12+602=6CO2+6H20 for?
cellular respiration
-
where does cellular respiration take place?
inside mitochondria
-
where does photosynthesis take place?
inside chloroplasts
-
whats the 2nd part of the equation for photosynthesis called?
glucose
-
which process is the equation 6CO2+6H20=C6H12O6+6CO2
photosynthesis
-
photosynthesis stage 2 is a light-_ reaction. Takes place in the _. _ is required. _ is added to the cycle of chemical reactions to build larger molecules. _ is produced. The _ stores some of the energy captured from sunlight.
independent; stroma; CO2; CO2; sugar; sugar
-
photosynthesis stage 1 is a light-_ reaction. Takes place inside the _ inside the grana. _ and _ are needed for this process. _ absorbs energy from the sunlight. Energy is transferred along _ _ to special carrying molecules. _-carrying molecules fuel stage 2. _ is released from H20.
dependent; thylakoid; water and sunlight; chlorophyll; energy; oxygen
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_ is a set of stacked thylakoids
grana
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_ is the space between the grana
stroma
-
each stage of photosynthesis is taken place in different places in the _
cloroplast
-
chlorophyll is found in _ in the plant cells
chloroplasts
-
_ is a molecule that absorbs light energy
chlorophyll
-
everything is directly/indirectly dependent on the _
sun
-
_ captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy
photosynthesis
-
_ produce its own source of chemical energy for itself and other organisms
producers
-
part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light-dependent reaction to synthesize carbohydrates
light-dependent reactions
-
part of photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light-dependent reactions
light-dependent reactions
-
membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of the photosynthesis
thylakoid
-
a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in the visible light
chlorophyll
-
a process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy
photosynthesis
-
a process by which some organisms use chemical energy instead of light energy to make energy-storing carbon-based molecules
chemosynthesis
-
a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group
ADP
-
a molecule that transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell processes
atp
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