ANSC 496 Quiz 1

  1. What are the three theories of the human-animal bond?
    • Biophilia
    • Social support
    • Attachment/Self-object
  2. Who is considered to be the champion of the Human-animal bond
    Leo Bustad
  3. What is evolutionary analysis?
    Looking at our evolutionary history and making inferences on the development of the human-animal-bond based.
  4. What are the pros of evolutionary analysis
    Can easily make connections

    Think of the whole continuum and appreciate the whole history

    We look at the positive effect we have had on animals

    Design experiment and build from it
  5. What are the cons of evolutionary analysis
    • Speculation
    • No research
    • No science
    • No experimentation
    • No supporting data
  6. What is unfortunate about animal behavior science?
    A lot of the background is speculative
  7. What class of animals were ethics considered for first
    Mammals
  8. What is needed to make a credible assertion (8)
    • Supporting data
    • controls in experiment
    • a measurable outcome
    • avoiding biases
    • repeatable
    • valid
    • a design
    • question/hypothesis that is tested
  9. What did Leo Bustad start
    The people-pet partnership
  10. What are some possible animal programs for campus
    • Foster program
    • Clubs with animals (horse back riding)
    • Counseling
    • speaking to a dog for presentations
  11. What is a theory (5)
    • Idea
    • Explanatory
    • Widely accepted
    • constrained
    • evidence based (falsifiable)
  12. What is a common tendency between the three theories of the human-animal-bond
    They all anthropomorphize
  13. What are the big 5 emotions for humans and dogs that relate to anthropomorphization
    • Extroversion
    • Neuroticism
    • Conscientiousness
    • Agreeableness
    • Curiousness
  14. Who are the minds behind biophilia
    • Lorenz and Tinbergen
    • Fromm
    • Wilson
  15. Describe Biophilia
    Love of life helps support life

    Humans (and animals) are hardwired to preserve the species

     *Self (and species) preservation requires preservation of the environment and ecology as it benefits the self (and species)
  16. Describe social support theory
    • We are not alone
    • We need others to survive and thrive
    • Quasi-evolutionary (needed to be in groups to hunt)
    • evidence-based
  17. What is some evidence for the biophilia theory
    Physiological effects

    responses by people with severe cognitive dysfunction
  18. What is some evidence for social support theory
    • Psychological benefits (decreased stress)
    • Developmental benefits
  19. What are some problems with biophelia theory
    • Nonfalsifiable
    • Correlational
    • anthropomorphic
  20. what are some problems with social support theory
    correlational with many mediating variables

    Difficult to measure
  21. Describe attachment theory/self psychology
    Comes from developmental theory

    there is a relationship between self, and self object that allows for confirmation of self
  22. what are the three types of selfobject, and briefly describe them.  Which one is most common in animals
    • mirroring (affirmation and confirmation)
    • -My animal loves me unconditionally)
    • Idealizing (admiration and acceptance)
    • - I feel confident when I am with my animal
    • Twinship (essential likeness)
    • -My animal and I can read each others minds

    mirroring relationship is the most comon
  23. What are the three genres of science literature and provide an example
    • Primary (report of a study)
    • Secondary (review or position paper)
    • Tertiary (Encyclopedia)
  24. Describe the pyramid of evidence
    • Testimonial (bottom)
    • -a point of view, mostly after the fact

    • Case study
    • -a study on one person/incidence

    • Scientific method
    • -Study on a large group of people

    • Metaanalysis
    • -Uses each scientific method study as one data point => lots of science!
  25. Describe the scientific method
    • Starts of with a question
    • Design
    • Method
    • Analysis (usually leads to more questions)
  26. What are the types of designs (4)
    • Observation/descriptive
    • correlational
    • Quasi-experiment
    • randomized controlled experiment
  27. Describe an observational design
    No control and no causal conlusion
  28. Describe a correlational study
    No control over the variables, but look at how the two variables change.
  29. Describe a Quasi-experiment
    Have control with random groups, but no random assigning to groups
  30. Describe a randomized experiment
    A high amount of control with true randomization.  Can make a causation conclusion
  31. What are the methods of data collection?  Type (2) and location (2)?
    • Self report and observation
    • field and lab
  32. What is pet owner ship likely associated with
    decreased cardiovascular disease
  33. What are some things animals can help with in terms of human health?
    • Cardiovascular benefits
    • Reduction of pain
    • disease detection
  34. What are the three models of effect
    • Causation model
    • Correlation model
    • Mediated variable model
  35. What are the benefits for a causation model? Draw backs?
    Simple and easy to study

    Can't prove it, not practical
  36. What are the benefits of the correlational model? Draw backs?
    Accounts for all findings

    How can we differentiate between which group the individual is in (example, is someone healthy because of the pet, or are they just healthy?)
  37. What is a benefit for the mediating variable model? Draw backs?
    Specific for each case and guide a lot of research

    We need a lot more research and we don't know which mediating variable or combination is effective
  38. What is some practical consideration in conducting a social science research (5)
    • Participants
    • -who and how obtained

    Ethics

    Comparison/control group

    reliability and validity of measures

    multiple measures
  39. What is important to consider in regards to the number of participants in an experiment
    There will be a huge disconnect between ideal and likely numbers
  40. What are the three core principles of ethics
    • Respect for persons
    • respect for welfare
    • justice
  41. What are some physical well-being benefits of pets
    Physiological parameters are within normal limits (hear rate, pressure and pain response)

    Minimal illness

    Stress benefits

    Physical activity and exercise
  42. What are some psychological well-being benefits of owning a pet
    • Self esteem
    • Validation
    • Self acceptance
    • Increased sociability
    • Purpose in life
    • Continued growth and development
    • Positive relationships with others
  43. What is a phenomenological study?
    A study with very few people, but is very in depth
  44. What are sources of loneliness in seniours
    Retirement

    Loss of shared experience with people the same age

    Loss of health

    Loss of car
  45. What is the model that is the most plausible explanation for psychological health effects of pets?  Physical effects?
    It could be correlational, but most likely mediating variable (take dog for walk, meet new people)

    Physical effect is best explained by mediating variable (walk dog, get healthy)
  46. How does the biophilia theory support psychological well-being from animals
    We are drawn to care for animals because it supports our psychological well being
  47. How does the social support theory support the psychological benefits from animals?
    We are less lonely because of the animals.
  48. How does the self-psychology theory support psychological benefits from animals?
    Dogs give owners confidence.  Owners internalize this as self confidence.
Author
JoshPerryman
ID
238220
Card Set
ANSC 496 Quiz 1
Description
ANSC 496 quiz 1
Updated