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2.2

  1. How does movement occur in a muscular system?
    when the muscle exerts a force on the structure into which it is inserted and pulls it toward its point of origin
  2. What are the msucles of anterior and posteior thorax important for? (2)
    -attach upper limb to the axial skeleton via pectoral girdle

    -stabilize the shoulder and move the scapula
  3. what are the 6 msucles of the anterior thorax?
    -pectoralis major

    -pectoralis minor

    -serratus anterior

    -subclavius

    -sternocleidomastoid

    -anterior scalene
  4. pectoralis minor) where is the origin of the pectoralis minor?
    it is on ribs 3 thru 5
  5. pectoralis minor) where is the insertion ?
    it is on the coracoid process

    *bc of this, it pulls the coracoid process down to the ribs
  6. pectoralis minor) what is the pectoralis minor innervated by?
    medial pectoral nerve
  7. pectoralis minor) if the scapula is stabilized by other muscles and the pectoralis minor contracts, what happens?
    it will lift ribs 3-5 up to help during deep inspiration
  8. pectoralis minor) what artery passes below the pectoralis minor?
    axillary artery
  9. pectoralis minor) what else does pectoralis minor do?
    stabilize the scapula
  10. serratus anterior) is this a protractor or retractor of the scpula?
    protractor
  11. serratus anterior) what is a nickname for serratus?
    boxers muscle
  12. serratus anterior) what is this strucutre needed for?
    to elevate the arm above 90 degrees
  13. serratus anterior) does this structure also rotate the scapula laterally or medially to raise the glenoid cavity to raise the arm above 90 degrees?
    laterally
  14. serratus anterior) where is the origin?
    on the anterior lateral aspects of ribs 1 thru 8
  15. serratus anterior) where is the insertion of serratus anterior?
    • medial border of the scapula
    • *it wraps around to the posterior side from the anterior origin and inserts on the medial border, deep to the scapula
  16. serratus anterior) what is it innervated by?
    • long thoracic nerve
    • *a branch of the brachial plexus
  17. subclavius) Under what structure is the subclavius located?
    clavicle
  18. subclavius) what 2 things does it do?
    -holds clavicle in sternoclavicular joint

    -protects underlying subclavian vessels
  19. subclavius) where is the origin?
    coastal cartilage of rib 1
  20. subclavius) where is the insertion?
    inferior surface of the lateral 1/3 of clavicle
  21. subclavius) what innervates it?
    • nerve of subclavius
    • *a branch of the brachial plexus
  22. subclavius) what is the action of the subclavius?
    is to stabilize the pectoral girdle and help to depress the shoulder
  23. sternocleidomastoid) what does it attach?
    the pectoral girdle to axial skeleton
  24. sternocleidomastoid) where does it insert?
    to the mastoid process of the temporal bone
  25. sternocleidomastoid) what is it innervated by?
    cranial nerve 11 called spinal accesory nerve
  26. sternocleidomastoid) where is the origin for the clavicular head?
    medial 1/3 of the clavicle
  27. sternocleidomastoid) what is the origin for the sternal head?
    manubrium of the sternum
  28. sternocleidomastoid) (action) what happens during bilateral?
    • flexes head forward
    • *nodding
    • *both sides contract
  29. sternocleidomastoid)(action) what happens unilateral?
    it will turn the face the opposite side and bend the head laterally
  30. scalenes) what strucutre is the anterior scalene deep to?
    Sternocleomastoid process
  31. scalenes) where is the origin?
    cervical vertebrea 3/4 thru 6 on the transverse process
  32. scalenes) where is the insertion?
    to the first rib
  33. scalenes) what is the action (2)
    flex the neck or elevate the rib
  34. scalenes) which artety passes deep to it?
    subclavian artery
  35. scalenes) what is it innervated by?
    cervical spinal nerve
  36. scalenes) how many diferent types are there of these?
    3
  37. scalenes) if the neck is fixed...
    it will help elevate the ribs as in deep inspiration during extensive exercises
  38. scalenes) if the ribs are fixed then...
    it will help to flex the neck forward
  39. scalenes) what happens during bilateral?
    the head will come forward with the neck
  40. scalenes) what happens during unilateral?
    it will pull the neck to that side
  41. which muscle covers the sternocleomastoid?
    platysma
  42. scalenes) does it help to rotate it?
    yes
  43. what are the 4 msucles of posterior thorax?
    -latissimus dorsi

    -trapezius

    -levator scapulae

    -rhomboid major and minor
  44. trapezius) what does this structure attch?
    the pectoral girdle to the trunk
  45. trapezius) what are the 3 origins?
    -occipital bone

    -ligamentum nuchae

    -spinous process of C7 through all of the thoracic vertebra
  46. trapezius) what is it innervated by?
    cranial nerve 11 called spinal acessory nerve
  47. trapezius) where is the insertion (3)
    -continuous insertion along the acromion and spine of the scapula and lateral third of the clavicle
  48. trapezius) what do weakness of this msucle ccause?
    droopy shoulders
  49. trapezius) what action does the upper fibers do?
    • elevates the scapula
    • *pulls up towards the skull
  50. trapezius) what action do middle fibers cause?
    • retracts the scapula
    • *they do this by working with rhomboid muscles
  51. trapezius) what action do lower fibers cause/
    • depresses scapula
    • *helps stabilize it
  52. levator scapulae) what is the origin?
    transverse process of the c1 thru 4 vertebrea
  53. levator scapulae) what is the insertion?
    upper medial border of the scapula near superior angle
  54. levator scapulae) what innervates it?
    dorsal scapular nerve
  55. levator scapulae) what is the main action?
    lifts scapula
  56. levator scapulae) if the scapula is fixed then..
    it will pull the neck posteriorly (extend)
  57. levator scapulae) if both contract (bilateral) then..
    the head will go back (extend)
  58. levator scapulae) if its a unilateral action then...
    the levator will flex the neck laterally to the same side
  59. are the rhomboid major and minor clearly separated?
    no
  60. rhomboids) location of minor
    -at the level of the scapular spine
  61. rhomboids) which is superior ?
    the minor
  62. rhomboids) which is wider?
    major
  63. rhomboids) are they superficial or deep to the trapezius?
    deep
  64. rhomboids) where do both extend from?
    vertebrae to scapula
  65. rhomboids) what is the origin of the minor?
    spinous process of C7 or T1
  66. rhomboids) where is the origin for major?
    spinous process of T2 thru T5
  67. rhomboids) what are both innervated by?
    dorsal scapular nerve
  68. rhomboids) what two actions do they do?
    -retract scapula

    -help pull scapula downward
  69. rhomboids) insertion of minor
    • medial side of scapula
    • *at about the level of the spine
  70. rhomboids) insertion of the major
    just inferiro to the minor and all the way down to inferior angle of scapula
Author
efrain12
ID
238462
Card Set
2.2
Description
Ant and Post muscles
Updated

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