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caitlin.schlagal
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What is the system hierarchy from braod to specific?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family , Genus, Species
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Who developed the system of taxonomy?
Carl Linnaeus
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What are some common characteristics of the phylum arthropoda?
segmented bodies, exoskeleton, paired jointed appendages
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What are the five classes of Arthropoda?
Arachnida, Crustacea, Diplodia, Chilopida, Insecta(Heaxpoda)
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What are the two main identifying characteristics of the class Arachnida?
- Cephalothorax,abdomen,
- Chelicerae - fangs (one pair)
- Pedipals - sensory organs
- Mouthparts - iercing/sucking/chewing
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What is the definition of metamorphosis?
The radical change in shape physiology and behavior that occurs when an animal matures?
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What is ametamorphosis?
Very little change from immature to adult sstage
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What are the four main orders in Aracnida?
- Araneida: Spiders
- Acari: Mites and Ticks
- Scorpionida: Scorpions
- Phalangida: Daddy Long Legs
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What are the main identifying factors of the ORDER araneida?
- cephalothorax,abdomen - distinguishable
- 4 pairs of legs
- produce silk
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What are some general characteristics on the ORDER Acari?
- Cephalothorax and abdomen indistinguishable
- body oval and compact
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What are some characteristics of the ORDER Phalangida?
- Body oval and compact
- no distinction of body segments
- long slender legs
They eat plant juices and scavenge
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What are some characteristics of the ORDER scoprionida?
- Pedipalps - large, claws for grasping
- Abdomen - broadly joined to cephalothorax
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What makes up the class dilopoda?
Millipedes
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What is the main identifying characteristics of dilopoda?
Two pairs lof legs per body segement
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What makes up Chilopoda and what is the main identifying characteristic?
Centipedes, one pair of legs per body segment
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What makes up the class Crustacea?
crabs, crawfish, pillbugs
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What are two main characteristics of the class Crustacea?
two pair of antennae and ametamorphic
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In the class insecta what are the main identifying chracteristics?
- Three body segments
- Appendages - antenaae, legs, wings
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What are the main Insect ORDERS?
- Odonata: Dragonflies and damselflies
- Phasmida: Walking sticks
- Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Crickets
- Mantodea: Preying Mantis
- Blattaria: Cockroaches
- Isoptera: Termites
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What are the main differences between termites and ants?
- Termites; winged or wingless, antennae bead-like, thorax and abdomen broadly joined
- Ants; winged or wingless, antennae elbowed, noticable restriction between body segements
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Define parasitism
An association between two organisms in which the parasite benefits while the host suffers some degree of harm
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What is an ectoparasite?
live on outer suface of host, infestation
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Whatis an endoparasite?
Lives inside the host, infection
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What is a obligate parasite?
A parasite unable to live without the host
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WHat is a faculTative parasite?
A parasite that can live and reproduce without a hosT
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Define a disease.
A condition of living organism that impairs normal function
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What is Acariasis?
invasion by mites
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What is myiasis?
Invasion by fly maggots
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What is a hematophagus?
blood feeder
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What is termed Urtication?
venom secreting hairs
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What is an antigen?
substance capable of elicting the formation of antibodies
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What are allergens?
An antigen that has the potential of evoking a hypersensitive reaction in certain individuals
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What are protozoa?
single celled organism with a well defined nucleus
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What are some different groups of etiologial agent, or organisms that cause diseases that are transmitted by insects?
Fungi, Bacteria, Metazoa, Rickettsia
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What is Rickettsia?
genus of bacteria, obligate intercellualr parasite
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Why is it called an arbovirus?
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What is the difference between mechanical disease transmission and biological?
In mechanical transmission the virus/disease cannot replicate inside the host, however in biological transmission it can.
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What is epidemiology?
branch of medicine that deals with epidemic outbreaks
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What is an Enzootic disease?
Disease in animals at a more or less constant level
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What is an Epizootic disease?
Disease at unusually high levels in animals
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What is an endemic disease?
Disease in humans that more or less constant levels
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What is an epidemic disease?
Disease at unusually high levels in humans
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What is a pandemic disease?
Diseases that occur across countries or even continents
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What is a 1-factor disease?
Generally genetic disorders, involves noly the host
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What is a 2-factor disease?
Host and pathogen
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What is a 3-factor disease?
Host, pathogen, vector
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What is a 4-factor disease?
Host A, Host B, vector, pathogen
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What is the scientific name of the black widow?
Latrodectus mactans
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What are some general characteristics of the black widow?
glossy black, covered in dense short hair, on ventral ide- usually red hourglass shape
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What is the scientific name of the brown recluse?
Loxosceles reclusa
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What is the difference between black widow and brown recluse toxin?
- Black widow- neurotoxin
- Brown recluse - necrotic
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What is the tilson?
End stinger on a scorpion
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What is a suseptible host for fleas?
people
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What is a resevoir host for fleas?
rats - think plauge
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What are some main identification factors in fleas?
Laterally compressed, wingless, legs adapted for jumping
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What do fleas eat?
Bloodsuckers
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Do fleas have complete metamorphosis?
- yes
- egg, larvae, pupae, adult
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When did the black death occur?
14th century
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When did the great plague of england occur?
1664-1665
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When did the plague become prevalent in the US
1900-1992
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What is the pathogen of the plague called?
Yerosinia pestis
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What are the three forms of plague?
- Bubonic plague- swelling filled with bacteria
- pnemonic plague - infection localized in lungs
- septicemic plague -massive blood posioning
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What is the pathogen of typhus?
Rickettsia thyphi
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What is the scientific name of dog tapeworms?
Dipylidium canium
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