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Muse87
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pulse
- series of equal durations
- (takes 3 equal beats to establish a pulse)
- results from repeated interonset durations
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beat
- onset of each duration in a pulse
- the beginning and the ending of the pulse's characteristic duration
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What does a pulse provide?
continuity
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Rhythmic cadence formula
- durational accents that pulls through the strong beat/down beat to create closure
- long note at the end of phrases
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Pulses are inferred from...
regular accent
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meter
- the synchronization of multiple time points
- the matter in which slower beats group faster beats
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metric accent
- a time point with two or more synchronized beats
- (down beat/strong beat)
- the more pulses that coincide, the stronger the accent/beat
- only possible after meter has been established (at least two measures after the beginning)
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time signature
- shows how synchronized beats relate
- how tactus beats subdivide the slower beats
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Repetitions tend to start...
at the same metric location as the beginnings of the originals
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weak beat
faster moving pulse train that doesn't coincide with slower pulse train
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pulse train
different subdivisions
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sonic accent
significant change from sound to silence
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anacrusis
part of a segment that precedes the first strong beat
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simple meter
- meter with 2 pulses
- tactus is 2 (duple meter)
- 2/4, 6/8, 4/4
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compound meter
- meter with 3 or more pulses
- tactus divides by 3 (triple meter)
- 3/8, 9/8, 12/16
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complex meter
- a slow pulse divided by both a regular tactus and bu a repeated but irregular pattern of tactus
- 5/4, 7/4
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changing meter
meter in which the tactus has changing groupings
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form (2)
- a description of the processes in a composition, and the function of time points that are a part of them
- description of how later segments relate to earlier segments in the same piece of music
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Name the 3 basic types of formal relations (form)
- repetition
- variation
- contrast
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durational motive
a distinctive, repeated series of durations
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tempo
a pulse's rate of repetition measured in beats per minute
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synchronization of pulses
when beats from different concurrent pulses regularly coincide
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segment
a duration, composed of shorter durations, with continuity
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syncopation
when an interonset duration starts before a beat and carries through the beat/ends after the beat.
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grouping overlap
when the last event of a segment is also the first event of the next segment (think Bach)
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When identifying syncopation, one must always specify...
the pulse that is being syncopated against
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the stronger an accent, the more it sounds like a...
beginning
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text accent
important words (in lyrics) brought out through the use of various accents
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rhythmic variety...
increases interest and strengthens our understanding of the text
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rhythmic development promotes...
greater interest
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rhythmic continuity establishes and maintains...
a pulse (no super long pauses between melodic notes)
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