head and neck

platysma, myohyoid, geniohyoid, digastric

temporalis, medial pterygoid, masseter

lateral and medial pterygoids

posterior fibres termporalis, deep part masseter, geniohyoid, digastric

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical

frontal (supraorbital), lacrimal, nasociliary (external nasal)

infraorbital, zygomatic

buccal, lingual, inferior alveolar (mental), auriculotemporal

trigeminal nerve emerges from pons, trigeminal ganglion lateral to sella turcica on sphenoid bone divides, V1 through superior orbital fissure into orbit

trigeminal nerve emerges from pons, trigeminal ganglion lateral to sella turcica on sphenoid bone divides, V2 enters foramen rotundum and emerges into orbit through inferior orbital fissure

trigeminal nerve emerges from pons, trigeminal ganglion lateral to sella turcica on sphenoid bone divides, V3 through foramen ovale and emerges on medial surface of zygomatic bone

superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occiptal, posterior auricular, superficial temporal, maxillary

goes straight to circle of willis, giving off only occipital (supraorbital) and inferior hypophyseal arteries

facial vein, opthalmic vein, cavernous sinus, pterygoid plexus

trigeminal and cervical plexus (great auricular nerve c2-3)

omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternohyoid

stabilise hyoid bone so that suprahyoid bones can manipulate jaw AND move hyoid/larynx during swallowing

cervical plexus (c1-4)

great auricular nerve from c2-3, cervical plexus (c1-4)

scalenes anterior which goes from transverse processes of cervical vertebrae to anterior aspect of first rib

scalenes medius which goes from transverse processes of cervical vertebrae to posterior aspect of first rib

from spinal nerves c1-c4 via intervertebral foramina and emerge from in between scalenes anterior and medius

trachea, thyroid, parathyroids, esophagus

common carotid inferiorly and inferior carotid superiorly, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve

submandibular -> deep cervical

parotid -> deep cervical

submental -> deep cervical

• small elongated vertebral body
• extra foramina on each side: transverse foramina carrying the vertebral arteries (branches of subclavian)
• large triangular vertebral canal
• short and bifid spinous process

cricothyroid muscle (CT), innervated by external laryngeal nerve (vagus) runs from anterolateral cricoid to inferior margin of thyroid; stretches and tenses the vocal fold

thyroarytenoid (TA), innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve (vagus) runs from posterior surface of thyroid cartilage to arytenoids

• lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA), innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve (vagus), runs from side of arytenoid cartilage to lateral arch of cricothyroid - adducts vocal folds
• transverse (TRA) and oblique (OBA) arytenoids, both innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve and running between the posterior aspects of the arytenoids

posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA), innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve and running from arytenoids down to posterior surface of cricoid - abducts vocal folds

aryepiglottic muscle, a continuation of the oblique arytenoids, which is innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve and runs from arytenoid along opening of aditus

posterior belly of digastric (CNVII), mylohyoid (CNV3), geniohyoid (C1 via CNXII), genioglossus (CNXII - in palsy, no longer extends tongue out, increasing risk of choking)

emerges from pontomedullary junction with CNVII as nervus intermedius with axons from NTS (taste) and superior salivary nucleus (visceral motor), divides from NI at the geniculate ganglion and joins the lingual nerve (branch of V3) to supply the tongue (anterior 2/3 taste) and sublingual, submandibular (secretomotor)

dense fibrous tissue bands which strengthen the eyelids with embedded tarsal glands which prevent complete evaporation of the tear film

levator palpebrae superioris innervated by CNIII

laterally precentral gyrus and medially anterior part of paracentral lobule (frontal lobe)

laterally postcentral gyrus and medially posterior part of paracentral lobule (parietal lobe)

Broca's area, opercula and triangular parts of inferior frontal gyrus

Wernicke's area (an auditory association area) posterior part of inferior wall of lateral sulcus and adjacent posterior part of superior temporal gyrus

angular gyrus which surrounds posterior extension of superior temporal sulcus

within the walls of calcarine sulcus (occipital lobe)

tranverse temporal gyrus inside the lateral fissure

uncus, inferior medial temporal lobe anterior to parahippocampal gyrus

median longitudinal fissure which contains falx cerebri

transverse fissure, which contains tentorium cerebelli

pineal gland, thalamus, hypothalamus and pituitary

arbor vitae

• cistern = enlargement of subarachnoid space
• cerebellomedullary cistern (cisterna magna - between medullar and cerebellum posteriorly)
• superior cistern (between midbrain and cerbellum posteriorly)
• interpeduncular cistern (between cerebral peduncles anteriorly)
• pontine cistern (in front of pons)

parahippocampal gyrus on inferior medial aspect of temporal lobe

arcuate fasciculus

hippocampus

• brocas - prosody (monotonous voice)
• parietal - spatial awareness, "left neglect"
• musical, artistic abilities

• visceral sensation (taste and smell)
• vestibular representation
• emotional processing of music

posture and movement of trunk and limbs

planning movement

balance, head and eye movements