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Characteristics of measles
Koplik spots in the buccal mucosa
Maculopapular rash that begins on face and neck, and fades in order of appearance
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Measles Nursing Considerations
- Soft foods- Koplik Spots
- Low Lights- photophobia
- Droplet and Contact precautions
- Lung sounds-pneumonia risk
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Mumps Characteristics
- Parotid gland swelling
- Head/ear ache
- Talking painful
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Mumps Nursing Considerations
- DROPLET precautions
- Soft, blended foods
- Speaking may hurt
- Maintain hydration
- Decrease citrus and other saliva-producing foods
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Potential complications of mumps
- Inflammation of the testicles or ovaries (keep away from men)
- Encephalitis
- Meningitis
- Deafness
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Characteristics of Rubella
- Rash appears on face and decends, disappears in the same order
- Generalized lymphadenopathy
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Nursing Considerations for Rubella
- DROPLET precautions
- No vaccine for pregnant mothers (avoid pregnant women-teratogen)
- Congenital rubella babies shed for months
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Chicken pox/ Varicella Characteristics
- Contagious until all lesions have crusted over
- Rash begins as discolored spots (macules) then raised spots (papules) then vesicles (fluid-filled).
- Rash begins on trunk, scalp, and face, then spreads to the rest of the body
- From 250-500 lesions may be present
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Nursing Considerations- Chickenpox
Airborne and contact precautions
Acyclovir used for severely immunocompromised patients within 24 hours
Immunoglobulin for all exposed newborns, immunocompromised or unimmunized children
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Chickenpox Complications
- Dehydration
- Pneumonia
- Skin, bone, joint infections
- Sepsis
- Bleeding problems
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