chem chap 6&7

is an amount of substance with same number of particles

• 1mol= amount of grams of element
• =6.022*10^23 atoms

It is the mass of 1mole of a substance

unit: g/m

is its atomic mass

is the total atomic mass of the different elements expressed in grams

using mol ration from chemical formula

mass percentage of different elements in a given compound

% element= (# molecules of element * molar mass of element/Molar mass of compound) *100

(MF) An actual formula of a compound with actual whole mole ration of different elements.

(EF) Simplified formula of a compound with simple whole mole ratio of different elements

Data provided--- mass% of element or mass (g) of elements

• E.F. simplified formula 
• simple mole ratio of elements

• Data provided: mass% or mass (g) of elements 
• Molar mass of compound (180.18g/mol)

MF/EF

New particles formed exchanged energy between particles, old bonds (existing) breaks and new bonds form

• Color change
• Solid formation on mixing clear solutions
• Gas bubbles on mixing
• Heat exchange (absorb heat- temp decreases release heat- temp increases)
• Light emission

Simple representation with particles before reaction (reactants) and particles after reaction (products)

Reactants (Left side) -----> Products (Right side)

• (s) solid
• (l) liquid
• (g) gas
• (aq) aqueous solution-uniform mixture (homogeneous) of a substance dissolved in water.

matter can neither be created or destroyed 

In chemical change, mass of products is always equal to the mass of reactant

1. Number of atoms of each elements must be the same on either side of an equation

2. Never introduce #s in subscript positions

3. Introduce #s only as a coefficient

4. The coefficient of reactants and products must be in simple whole ratio possible

Metals

Nonmetals

Hydrogen

Oxygen

• Aquous Solution-Double Displacement
• Electron transfer Reaction-
• single displacement
• combination
• decomposition
• combustion

• Metathesis Reaction
• Precipitation(Insoluble solid formed)
• Neutralization(water molecules formed)
• Gas evolving(gaseous molecules formed)

• single displacement
• combination
• decomposition
• combustion

Reaction of two aqueous solutions where both ions (cation & anion) gets rearranged

AB(aq) + CD(aq)---> AD(s)(g)(h2o) +CB

Precipitate (insoluble solid) is formed as one of the product on mixing two aqueous solutions

H1+ of the acid solution combines with OH1- of the basic solution to form water molecules.

gaseous molecules are formed as one of the product on mixing two aqeous solutions.

Highly reactive element displaces less reactive one from its compound 

reaction where one of the ions (cation&anion) sets displaced

two or more substances combine to form one and only product

Breaking up of a substance to form two or more products

burning of a substance in presence of O2 gas to form products like CO2. H2O with a release of large amounts of heat energy