Psych Chapter Two - Brain

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  1. Biopsychology
    • Behavior is caused by brain and biological processes and functions
    • anatomy (parts) and physiology (functions) from psychological points of view
    • every behavior that is psychological is at the same time biological
  2. Brain Facts
    • 1 Million Neurons
    • 100 Trillion Synapses (Connections)
    • 1000 messages per second
    • 24 hour pharmacy
    • 3lbs at birth
    • very specialized and organized
  3. Neuron
    • Specializes in carrying and processing info
    • Activates muscles and glands
  4. Dendrites
    Receive incoming messages (scanners)
  5. Cell body
    Prioritize the messages
  6. Axon
    Place where the messages travel (200 mph)
  7. Myelin
    • Fatty coating that insulates the Axon
    • If destroyed, Lou Gehrig's disease and MS can occur
  8. Terminal
    The place where the neurotransmitters are manufactured
  9. Neurotransmitter
    • Regulate the actions of glands and muscles
    • Some affect learning and memory
    • promote sleep
    • stimulate alertness
    • orchestrate emotions
  10. GABA (Gamma Amino Butryc Acid)
    slow brain and bodily functions
  11. Adrenaline
    stimulates mental and physical alertness
  12. Endorphines
    • Natural pain killer, they reduce/remove pain, promotes pleasure
    • "endogeneous" and "morphine" - morphine within cells
  13. Nervous System
    • Communication system in the body
    • 2 main divisions - central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
    • "ROPE"
    • records information
    • organizes "  "
    • processes "  "
    • executes "  "
  14. Peripheral Nervous System
    tells the brain (CNS) what is happening inside and outside the body
  15. Somatic System
    tells the PNS what is happening outside the body
  16. Autonomic System
    Tells the PNS what's happening inside the body
  17. Sympathetic System
    Arouses body for an emergency
  18. Parasympathetic System
    Calms the body, relaxes the body - fainting, when brain shuts body functions down
  19. Left Brain
    • Logical
    • Controls right side of body
    • Controls 2 major speech/language centers (Broca's and Wernicke's area)
    • Writing
    • Calculation/Math
    • Sense of time
    • Rythym (biological)
    • Ordering of Complex Movements
  20. Right Brain
    • Emotional
    • Controls entire left side of body
    • Non-verbal
    • Perceptual Skills
    • Visualization
    • Recognition
    • Recognition and expression of emotion
    • Spatial Skills
    • Simple Language Comprehension
  21. Corpus Callosum
    • A thick band of nerves that collects and separates hemispheres from interfering with each other's functions
    • Aphasia - happens when one or both language centers is damaged - inability to read, speak, comprehend
    • Agnosia- right hemisphere is damaged - inability to recognize faces, places, objects "mind blindness"
  22. Serotonin
    • A natural antidepressant - elevates moods
    • sunlight, bright lights, love, help others, laughter all release serotonin
  23. Dopamine
    • Affects emotional memories, learning, movement, activates brain's pleasure center
    • excessive dopamine = schizophrenia
    • deficit = parkinsons
  24. Acetylcholine
    • affects learning and memory (daily basis)
    • activates muscles
    • botox = linked to memory loss, blocks chemical
    • deficit = alzheimers or temporary paralysis
    • when you dream - temp paralysis
  25. How to Destress
    • Learn to say no
    • Find time to do things important to you
    • Take a break from technology
  26. Lobes of Brain
    Where all sensory info is stored
  27. Occipital Lobe
    All visual images
  28. Temporal Lobe
    Hearing and Language - all Sounds
  29. Parietal Lobe
    All touch, temp, and pressure
  30. Frontal Lobe
    • Drugs mostly damage this lobe
    • sense of smell, motor control, mental abilities, creative functions, executive functions (choice)
  31. Forebrain
    • Thalamus-relays all sensory messages to lobes
    • Hypothalamus-performs specific maintenance duties
  32. Brainstem/Hindbrain
    • connects brain to spinal cord
    • Medulla - controls vital life functions
    • Cerebelum - controls walking , posture, balance, muscular coordination
    • Reticular Formation - removes unimportant info
  33. The Endocrine System
    • #2 Communication system in body
    • glands which make and store hormones
    • hormones affect moods and behavior
    • released into the bloodstream
    • Pineal - Melatonin - regulates sleep cycle
    • Pituitary - Somatrophin - regulates development of bones, muscles, organs
    • Thyroid - Thyroxin - regulates metabolic function (hypothyroidism - extreme thinness, mania) (hyperthyroidism - obesity, depression)
    • Adrenal-sex hormones - activates puberty, prepares for emergency - stress hormones - adrenaline-cortical

Card Set Information

Author:
 maurascannell
ID:
 240679
Filename:
 Psych Chapter Two - Brain
Updated:
2013-10-15 04:48:17
Tags:
pysch
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Description:
vocab for brain and behavior
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