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the overall way we evaluate ourselves
self esteem
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a self centered and self conscious and self concerned approach toward others
narcissism
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during this time said erikson, adolescents are faced with deciding who they are, what they are all about and where they are going in life
identity versus identity confusion
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the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy. during this period, society leaves adolescents relatively free of responsibilities and free to try out different identities
psychosocial moratorium
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adolescents who do not successfully resolve an identity crisis suffer what erikson calls
identity confusion
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identity confusion has two courses
-individuals ____, isolating themselves from peers and family
-or they ___ themselves in the world of peers and ___ their identity in the crowd
withdraw; immerse; lose
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four statuses of ____
-identity diffusion
-identity foreclosure
-identity moratorium
-identity achievement
four statuses of identity
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the status of individuals who have no yet experienced crisis or made any commitments. not only are they undecided about occupational and ideological choices, they are also likely to show little interest in such matters
identity diffusion
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the status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis. This occurs most often when parents hand down commitments to their adolescents, usually in an authoritarian way, before adolescents have had a chance to explore different approaches, ideologies , and vocations on their own
identity foreclosure
-
is the status of individuals who are in the midst of a crisis but whose commitments are either absent or are only vaguely defined
identity moratorium
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is the status of individuals who have undergone a crisis and made a commitment
identity achievement
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a key aspect of the ____ role of parenting in adolescence is effectively ____ the adolescents development
managerial; monitoring
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monitoring includes ____ adolescents choice of social settings, activities, and friends as wel las academic efforts
supervising
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adolescents are more willing to disclose ____ to parents when parents ask adolescents questions and when adolescents _____ with parents is characterized by a ___ level of trust, acceptance, and quality
information; high
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an enduring basical aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group and the attitudes and feelings relates to that membership
ethnic identity
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identifying in some ways with ones ethnic group and in other ways with the majority culture
bi cultural identity
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first gen immigrant are likely to be secure in their ____ and unlikely to ____ much
identities; change
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second gen immigrants are more likely to think of themselves as _____
MURICAN
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adolescents ability to attain autonomy and gain control over their behavior is acquired through _____ adult reactions to their ____ for control
appropriate; desire
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as the adolescent pushes for autonomy, the wise adult ____ control in those areas where the adolescent can make reasonable decisions
relinquishes
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parent-adolescent relationships become more ____ if adolescents go away to college than if they attend college while living at home
positive
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parents serve as important ____ figures and support systems while adolescents explore a wider, more complex social world
attachment
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everyday negotiations and minor disputes not only are ____ but also can serve the positive development function of helping the adolescent makes the transition from childhood dependency to adult _____.
normal; independency
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a crowd is a larger group structure than a clique and is usually formed based on reputation; members may or may not spend time together
crowd
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a small group that ranges from 2 to about 12 individuals, averaging about 5 to 6 individuals, and can form because adolescents engage in similar activities
cliques
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developmental changes in dating and romantic relationships
- - entry into romantic attractions and affiliations at about 11-13 years of age
- -exploring romantic relationships at approximately 14-16 years of age
- -consolidating dyadic romantic bonds at about 17-19 years of age
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