Biology 1115 chapter 8 part 2

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Reactions in a closed system eventually reach equilibrium and then _________.

do not work
Cells are not in equilibrium because?

They are open systems experiencing a constant flow of materials
A defining feature of life is that metabolism is ___________.

Never at equilibrium
In a catabolic pathway, how does a cell release energy?

In a series of reaction (like a waterfall)
What are the 3 main types of work a cell does? Give examples for each.
- chemical: breaking down of food
- Transport: diffusion
- Mechanical: movement in cytoplasm
How do cells manage energy resources?

By energy coupling, which is the use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one
How are most energy coupling in cells mediated (performed)?

by ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
What class of large biological molecule is ATP?

nucleic acid
What type of molecule is adenosine?

nucleotide
How can the bonds between the phosphate groups of ATP be broken?

by hydrolysis (adding water to break up bonds)