pharm drugs 1

a release inhibitor that reduces degranulation of mast cellsit reduces bronchospasm

• H1 receptor antagonist
• antiallergic, lower sedation

• H1 receptor antagonist
• prevents motion sickness, slight sedetion

• H2 receptor antagonist
• reduce gastric secretion but inhibits cytochrome P450 and binds to androgen receptors

• H2 receptor antagonist
• reduce gastric secretion, no side effects

• beta-lactam
• bind to specific cell membrane protein (penicillin binding protein - PBP) responsible for synth of bacterial cell wall, INHIBITING CELL WALL SYNTH

• beta-lactam (divided in to 1st, 2nd, 3rd generation)
• inhibit bacterial wall growth
• used if penicillin is ineffective

• polypeptide antiobiotics
• inhibits incorporation of amino acids into bacterial cell wall

• streptomycin, gentomycin
• inhibit bacterial protein synth
• many aerobic gram neg (e-coli) and some gram pos (staph)

• aminoglycosides
• inhibit bacterial protein synth

• inhibit formation of peptide bonds btwn amino acids ... inhibiting bacterial protein synth
• many gram-pos and some neg bacteria
• pts who are allergic to penicillin

• many gram pos and neg bacteria
• inhibit bacterial protein synth
• Chlamydia, Rickettsia, spirochete

• erythromycin
• inhibit formation of peptide bonds btwn amino acids (inhibiting bacterial protein synth)

• inhibits folic acid synth (by inhibiting bacterial DNA/RNA synth)
• izoniazid & riampin

• inhibits bacterial DNA/RNA synth and function
• most anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa

• inhibit bacterial DNA/RNA synth and function
• urinary tract infections
• (god against a wide variety of gram neg and pos bacteria)

block penetration of measles virus (and inhibit adsorption)

• inhibits intracellular synth for viruses
• active against several RNA and DNA viruses
• used for treating viral pneumonia in infants and kids

• inhibits intracellular synth of viruses
• herpes-virus infections

• inhibits intracellular synth of viruses
• inhibits HIV replication in AIDS pts

• ribavirin
• acyclovir
• zidovudine

inhibit assembly and release of viruses, but has not been used in humans

• a group of proteins that help normal cells resist infection from some viruses
• alpha beta gama
• antiviral activity and treatment of neoplastic diseases (leukemias, lymphomas)

• antifungal
• slow intravenous infusions
• systemic infections and meningitis caused by Candida Albicans

• antifungal
• GI fungal infections

• antifungal
• Candida infections or athlete's foot
• topically (can't be given systemically bc of toxicity)

• anti-protozoal
• prevents and treats malaria
• RA and systemic lupus erithematosus

• parasitic worms
• most common form of disease on the globe

• anti-helmint
• single oral dose use against nematodes

• anti-helmint
• tapeworms

• aspirin
• synth of endogenous lipid-like compounds - eicosanoides (prostaglandines, thromboxanes, leukotriens) produced by every type of cell except RBCs

• increase inflammation
• increase sensitivity of pain receptors
• fever
• cause thrombus formation by increasing platelet aggregation and blood clot formation

• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (1st line of defense)
• corticosteroides (such as prednisolone)
• disease-modifying drugs (antimalaric drugs, gold -- they inhibit monocytes and T and B lymphocytes)

• gout
• anti-inflamm effect 2/2 inhibition of leukocyte migration and phagocytosis

• gout
• decreases body urate pool

uricosuric agent used to decrease body urate pool by decreasing reapsorption in proximal tubule

• inflam disease
• char. by episodes of acute arthritis 2/2 deposits of uric acid crystals (hyperuricemia) in joints
• colchicine
• probenecid

• prevention of blood loss
• 1. vascular spasm / constriction
• 2. formation of a platelet plug
• 3. blood clot
• 4. organization or lysis of blood clots

• an important factor in preventing clotting
• it's an antiogagulant substance in the blood

• an important factor in preventing clotting
• inactivates thrombin

• preventing clotting
• mast cells
• increases effectiveness of antithrombin III

• helps with hemostasis by formation of blood clots
• causes conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

causes polymerization of fibrinogen into fibrin fibers --> fibring mesh enmeshing platelets and blood cells to form the clot (vicious circle)

• control the function and synth of clotting factors
• usually for clot formation in venous system to prevent pulmonary embolism

• heparin
• warfarin

• anticoagulant
• parenterally administered
• treats venous thrombosis
• helps activity of antithrombin III

• anticoagulant
• oral drug
• alters vitamin K metabolism
• impairs synth of some clotting factors

• inhibit platelet function, prevent abnormal platelet aggregation in arteries / arterial clots
• aspirin, dipyridamole

• antithrombic
• suppresses platelet aggregation by inhibiting synth of prostaglandins and thromboxanes (A2)
• used in prevention of myocardial and cerebral infarction, mostly in men

• antithrombotic
• inhibit platelet aggregation

• facilitate destruction of blood clots
• (do this by converting plasminogen to plasmin which breaks down fibrin clots)
• streptokinase
• urokinase

• hemophilia
• deficiencies of vitamin K

thrombolytic

thrombolytic

• hereditary
• caused by deficiency of clotting factor VIII (hemophelia A) or IX (hemophelia B)

• vit K is needed for hepatic synth of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X
• oral or parenteral admin of the exogenous vitamin

• anticancer
• inhibits binding within DNA molecules and prevents DNA function and replication

• anticancer
• impair biosynth of genetic material -- (by incorporating into the genetic material or by occupying enzymes that synth components of genetic material)

• act directly on DNA
• it's a special group of toxic drugs special for cancer

peptides used for treatment of leukemias, lymphomas, sarcomas

• penicilins
• cephalosporins
• bacitracin

• aminoglycosides
• erythromycins
• tetracyclines
• chloramphenicol

• aminosalicylic acid
• metronidazole
• sulfonamides