Which sound do you hear at the beginning of the word?
Phoneme isolation
I am going to say a word in a funny way: b-i-g can you tell me which word that is?
Phoneme Blending
Say toad without the d sound
phoneme deletion
How many sounds are in the word jeep?
Phoneme segmentation
Say ball backwards- lab
Phoneme Reversal
Say meat, now say it again but swap the m and the t
phoneme manipulation
hot dog becomes dog hot
spoonerisms
Written phoneme is called a _____________
grapheme
Do articulation based disorders have an impact on literacy?
NO
Which placement are among the first to develop
labials
All vocalizations prior to a childs first words
Pre-linguistic behavior
T/F: letter knowledge is critical to the development of phonological awareness
False
Insertion of a sound segment into a word (most typically a schwa)
epenthesis
T/F- consonant cluster substitution is a later persisting phonological process
True
Canonical babbling includes _____________ and ______________
reduplicated babbling and variegated babbling
Collection of data
appraisal
End result of studying and interpreting data
Diagnosis
T/F- screening includes diagnosis
false
Determines presence, type, or severity of disorder
Evaluation
What is included in the Comprehensive Evaluation?
1. Articulation Test
2. Stimulability Measures
3. Conversation speech sample (intelligibility)
4. Hearing Screening
5. Oral Mech exam
6. Additional testing as warranted
Advantages of Articulation tests
-Quick & assesses all phonemes in all positions
-Easy to give and score
-Standardized & Norm Referenced scores
-Quantifiable list of incorrect productions
Disadvantages of Articulation Testing
-Only at word level
-Once chance to produce phoneme correctly
-Not enough info about phonological system
-Selected probes
Factors to consider when choosing articulation testing
-Appropriateness for age/development
-Percentile rank and norm scores
-How does it analyze errors?
-Does it give an adequate sample?
First 8 phonemes developed
j h m p b d r w
Middle 8 phonemes
t k g ng f v ch dg
Late 8 phoemes
sh th th 3 s z l r
T/F- target stimulable sounds first
false
Evaluation should start with a ____________
hearing screening
The term "unintelligible child" is used to describe a child under the age of 5
False- any child
What should you do when it is difficult to administer am artic test to a young child with emerging phonology
Ask the parents for more information
Examines the rate of movement of the articulators
Diadochokinetic rates
T/F- McDonalds deep test of articulation and CPAC assess the phonemes in various contexts and word positions
True
Refers to written language and most formal type of english spoken
Formal Standard english
Takes into account American-English speaking community and relies on grammatical structure more than pronunciation patterns
Informal standard English
Varieties of spoken American English that are considered outside the continuum of Informal Standard English
Vernacular Dialects
Dialects that correspond to geographical locations
Regional Dialects
Dialects that relate to SES/Ethnic background
Social or Ethnic dialects
Biological label defined in terms of observable physical features and biological (genetic) characteristics
Race
Way of life developed by group of individuals to meet psychosocial needs (ie: values, norms, beliefs, attitudes, behavioral styles, traditions)
Culture
Commonalities such as religion, nationality, and region
Ethnicity
Specific second language "errors" remain firmly entrenched despite good proficiency in the second language
Fossilization
Approximations of the target language white it is still being learned. Combinations of english and second language that are developmentally appropriate
Interlanguage
May not speak as often as they are learning a second language
Silent Period
When a child changes between languages across sentence boundaries
code switching
Changing between languages within a sentence
Code mixing
Insertion of a word or phrase from one language to another
Borrowed Words
Language variations that typify a group of speakers within a language
dialect
T/F- Central vowels are part of spanish phonology system
false
How many syllables are in the word banana?
Syllable segmentation
I'll say the first part of the word, you complete it
syllable completion
Which part of rainbow and raincoat sound the same?