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URTI

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  1. what is the usual pathogen of parotitis
    s. aureus
  2. tx of parotitis
    • warm compression
    • salt water mouth rinse
    • vancomycin
    • surgery
    • nsaid for pain
  3. highest risk of pharyngitis
    children 5-15 or individuals who work with children
  4. what is Quinsy
    peritonsillitis/peritonsillar abscess
  5. how do you distinguish whether there is a viral or bacterial cause for pharyngitis
    bacterial pharyngitis has NO COUGH
  6. what is the dx of pharyngitis
    • RADT
    • throat swab
  7. s/s of pharyngitis
    soar scratchy throat
  8. what is the tx of pharyngitis
    DOC is PCN VK (PO) or Benzathine (IM)
  9. what do you give a pt with pharyngitis who has PCN allergy
    • 1st gen cephalosporin 
    • Cephalexin 250 - 500 mg QID PO
  10. what do you give a pt who has pharyngitis and a drug resisitance or failure
    • 2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporin
    • cefuroxime, cefprozil
    • cefpodoxime, cefdinir
  11. what do you give a pt who has pharyngitis with a documented resistance for macrolides
    clindamycin
  12. what is the duration of therapy for pharyngitis
    10 days
  13. what would a pt be given if they have recurrent episodes of pharyngitis
    • augmentin
    • cleocin
  14. what are vascular lesions due to
    coxsackieviruss
  15. what is the prominent side effect of laryngotracheobronchitis
    a cough that sounds like a barking seal
  16. how do you treat laryngotracheobronchitis
    • abx- only if bacterial etiology
    • corticosteroids
    • racemic epinephrine
    • humidified oxygen
  17. what is ludwigs angina
    bilateral involvement of submandibular and sublingual spaces (brawny cellulitis at floor of mouth)
  18. what is lemierre syndrome
    suppurative thrombophlebitis of internal jugular vein
  19. what is the cause of lemierre syndrome
    fusobacterium necrophorum
  20. what is retropharyngeal space infection
    contigous spread from lateral pharyngeal space or infected retropharyngeal lymph node
  21. what are the deep fascial space infections of the head and neck
    • ludwigs angina
    • lemierre syndrom
    • retropharyngeal space infection
  22. which is not a common way to spread the rhinovirus
    kissing
  23. pharyngeal erthema is more common with which virus
    adenovirus
  24. what is the cause of SARS
    previously recognized coronavirus
  25. early radigroaphic findings of SARS
    peripheral/pleural based opacity
  26. advanced radiographic findings of SARS
    widespread opacification tending to affect the lower zones and often bilateral
  27. SARS pleural effusion radiographic findings
    no lymphadenopathy and cavitation seen
  28. s/s of sinusitis in adults
    • nasal discharge
    • congestion 
    • HA
    • sneezing
    • halitosis
  29. s/s of sinusitis in children
    • cough
    • nasal discharge 
    • fever
    • facial swelling and pain
  30. primary pathogen for sinusitis
    virus
  31. most common bacteria for sinusitis
    s. aureus
  32. dx of sinusitis
    • MRI 
    • CT
    • x-ray 
    • aspiration
    • cultures
  33. when is antimicrobial therapy used in pts with sinusitis
    moderate to severe (> 7 days)
  34. DOC for acute sinusitis tx
    amoxicillin 500 TID PO
  35. which drugs are used for pts with acute sinusitis and have an anaphylactic rxn to PCN
    • macrolide
    • bactrim
    • doxycycline
    • resp FQN
  36. how is a pt with acute sinusitis treated who has high suspicion of drug-resistance (s. pnemo)
    • HD amoxicillin 1 g TID
    • clindamycin 300 mg TID-QID
  37. how is a pt with acute sinusitis treated who has had tx failure or recent abx therapy in past 4-6 weeks
    • augmentin
    • cefpodoxime
    • resp FQN
  38. what is the duration of therapy for acute sinusitis
    10-14 days
  39. how long must s/s last for chronic sinusitis
    > 1 month
  40. tx for chronic sinusitis
    • antibiotics are usually not effective;
    • augmentin x 21 days
  41. what are the pathogens for acute localized otitis externa
    • s. aureus
    • s. epidermidis
    • s. pyogenes
  42. what is the pathogen most common for acute diffuse otitis externa
    p. aeruginosa
  43. how is otitis externa tx
    topical quinolones
  44. what is the main s/s of otitis media
    discolored bulging thickened and immobile tympanic membrane
  45. most common pathogen for otitis media
    s. pneumoniae
  46. what is the duration of tx for otitis media
    10 days
  47. what is the DOC for otitis media
    HD amoxicillin (80-90mg/kg/day)
  48. what can a pt with otitis media be given if they have a PCN allergy
    • beta-lactamase stable cephalosporin
    • cefuroxime
    • cefpodoxime
    • cefdinir
  49. what is the second line DOC for tx pts with otitis media who have failed on amoxil 2-3 days after initiation
    • augmentin
    • ceftriaxone, x 3 days
    • clindamycin
    • bactrim x 10 days
  50. s/s of epiglottitis
    • fever
    • stridor
    • respiratory distress
    • drooling
    • dysphagia
    • dysphonia
  51. DOC for the tx of epiglotitis
    • 2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporin
    • cefotaxime
    • ceftriaxone
    • or 
    • Unasyn
    • bactrim
  52. what are the other tx for epiglotitis
    • maintain airway
    • corticosteroids
    • tracheostomy
Author
alvo2234
ID
246619
Card Set
URTI
Description
PT IV exam
Updated
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