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agonist muscle
the prime mover of any skeletal movement
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atagonistic muscles
flexors and extensors that act on the same joint to produce opposite actions
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epimysium
the fibrous connective tissue proteins w/in the tendons extended around the muscle in an irregular attangements forming a sheath
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fascicles
connective tissue from this outer sheath extends into the body of the muscle, subdividing it into columns
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perimysium
each of these fascicles is thus surrounded by its on connective tissue sheath
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sarcolemma
each myofibers is surrounded by a plasma membrane enveloped by a thin connective tissue layer called an endomysium
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Z lines
In an electron microscope a thin dark lines can be seen in the middle of the I bands
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motor end plate
the specialized region of the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction
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Acetylcholine (ACh) released by the axon terminals diffuses across the synaptic cleft and bind to ACh receptors in the plasma of the end plate, thereby stimulating the muscle fiber.
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motor unit
each somatic motor neuron together with all of the muscle fibers that it innervates
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recruitment
when contractions of greater strength are required, larger and larger motor units are activated
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myofilaments
smaller structures contained in each myofibril
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thick filament (A band)
are primarily composed of the protein myosin
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Thin filaments (I band)
are primarily composed of the protein actin
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H band
the central lighter regions of the A bands contain only thick filaments
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sarcomers
the stuctural subunit of the myofibril in the striated muscle: equal to the distance between two successive Z lines
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cross bridges
sliding of the filaments is produced by the actions of numerous cross bridges that extend out from the myosin toward the actin.
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