-
Candian Shield
Zone undergired by ancient rock
-
Nation-states
Dense population, cities such as Aztecs
-
Cahokia
Mississippian settlement, held almost 25,000 people
-
Three sister farming
Beans growing on trellis of cornstalks, squash covering planting mounds to retain moisture
-
Middleman
Often Muslim transport from source to consumer
-
Caravel
Ship that could sail closer to the wind
-
Plantation system
From Portugese in Africa based on large scale commercial agriculture explotation of slave labor
-
Treaty of todesillas
Spain secured claim to "Columbus Discoveries"
-
Conquistadores
In service of God, and search of gold they spread across Carribean/America
-
Noche Triste
30 June 1520 Aztec attacked
-
Mestizos
Mix of Indian-European heirtage
-
Battle of Acoma
Part of the war on Pueblo people, each survivor had a foot severed
-
Pope's Rebellion
Uprising of Indians provoked by missionaries
-
Black ledgend
Concept that conquerors killed, maimed, stole, tortured Indians leaving nothing but misery behind.
-
Protestant Reformation
Inspired by conflict with Catholic Church 1530s.
-
Roanoke Island
Where Sir Walter Raleigh 1st landed in America
-
Spainish Armada
Beginning of end of imperial dreams. When they tried to defeat England
-
Primogeniture
Only eldest sons inheirited land estates
-
Joint-stock company
Forerunner of modern corporations
-
Charter of Virginia Company
Guarranteed overseas travelers same rights as in England
-
Jamestown
First successful English settlement
-
1st Anglo-Powhatan War
1610-1614
-
2nd Anglo-Powhatan war
1644-1646
-
Barbados slave code
Denied all rights to slaves 1661
-
Tuscarora War
North Carolina won, sent Indians to slavery
-
Yamasee Indians
4 years later defeated/dispersed
-
Predestination
Calvinist doctrine that God has foreordainedsome people to be saved and some to be damned. Though their fate was irreversible
-
Conversion
Intense religious experience that confirmed an individual’splace among the “elect,” or the “visible saints.”
-
Separatists
Against fraternizing of "visible saints" with dammed sinners
-
Mayflower compact
Agreement to form a crude government/submit majority's rule under agreed upon regulations
-
Massachusetts Bay colony
Well equiped expedition
-
Great migration
1630's ~70,000 left England
-
Fundamental Orders
Modern constitusion/document, its regime was controlled substantially by citizens (democracy)
-
Pequot War
War between colonists and Pequot tribe, almost annihilated
-
King Phillip's War
Series of assaults by Metacom, KingPhilip, on En glish settlements in New En gland. The attacks slowedthe westward migration of New En gland settlers for severaldecades.
-
English Civil War
Armed conflict between royalistsand parliamentarians, resulting in the victory of pro-Parliamentforces and the execution of Charles I.
-
Dominion of New England
London crontrolled, aimed at bolstering colonial defense
-
Navigation laws
Series of laws passed, beginning in 1651, to regulatecolonial shipping; the acts provided that only En glish shipswould be allowed to trade in En glish and colonial ports, and thatall goods destined for the colonies would first pass throughEngland
-
Glorious/bloodless revolution
Dethroning of James II Throning of William II
-
Saluatory Neglect
When the monarchs relaxed their grip on America's colonial trade
-
Patroonships
Feudal estates fronting the Hudson River
-
Blue Laws
sumptuary laws, they are designed torestrict personal behavior in accord with a strict code of morality.Blue laws were passed across the colonies
-
Head Right system
Gave masters of indentured servants right to 50 acres of land
-
Bacon's rebellion
Uprising of Virginia backcountry farmersand indentured servants led by planter Nathaniel Bacon; initially aresponse to Governor William Berkeley’s refusal to protect backcountrysettlers from Indian attacks, the rebellion eventually grewinto a broader conflict between impoverished settlers and theplanter elite.
-
Royal African Company
En glish joint-stock company thatenjoyed a state-granted monopoly on the colonial slave tradefrom 1672 until 1698. The supply of slaves to the North Americancolonies rose sharply once the company lost its monopoly privileges.
-
Middle Passage
Slave transport from Africa to U.S
-
New York Slave revolt
1712 9 whites died 21 blacks executed
-
South Carolina slave revolt
-
-
Congregational Church
Democratic church government
-
Jermiad
From jeremiah prophet, focused on waning piety
-
Halfway covenant
Agreement allowing unconverted offspringof church members to baptize their children. It signified awaning of religious zeal among second and third generationPuritans.
-
Leister's rebellion
Armed conflict between aspiringmerchants led by Jacob Leisler and the ruling elite of New York. Oneof many uprisings that erupted across the colonies when wealthycolonists attempted to recreate European social structures in theNew World.
-
Paxton Boys
Armed march on Philadelphia by Scotts-Irishfrontiersmen in protest against the Quaker establishment’s lenientpolicies toward Native Americans
-
Regular Movement
Eventually violent uprising ofbackcountry settlers in North Carolina against unfair taxation andthe control of colonial affairs by the seaboard elite
-
Triangular Trade
Exchange of rum, slaves, and molasses betweenthe North American Colonies, Africa, and the West Indies. A smallbut immensely profitable subset of the Atlantic trade
-
Arminianism
Individual free will determined fate
-
Great awakening
Religious revival
-
Old lights
Orthodox religious
-
New Lights
Defended awakening
-
Poor Richard's Almanack
Pithy sayings
-
Zenger Trial
New York libel case against John PeterZenger. Established the principle that truthful statements aboutpublic officials could not be prosecuted as libel
-
Huguntos
Catholic/Protestant conflicts
-
Edict of Nantes
Granted limited tolerance to French Protestants
-
Coureurs de bois
Runners of the woods fur trappers
-
Voyageurs
Recruited Indians for fur trade
-
King Williams War
Early contest for America
-
Queen Anne's war
Early contest for America
-
War of Jenkin's ear
Small-scale clash betweenBritain and Spain in the Caribbean and in the buffer colony,Georgia. It merged with the much larger War of Austrian Successionin 1742
-
King George's War
North American theater ofEurope’s War of Austrian Succession that once again pitted Britishcolonists against their French counterparts in the North. The peacesettlement did not involve any territorial realignment, leading toconflict between New En gland settlers and the British government
-
Acadians
French residents of Nova Scotia, many of whom wereuprooted by the British in 1755 and scattered as far south asLouisiana, where their descendants became known as “Cajuns.”
-
French and Indian Wars
Fourth Anglo-French struggle in America
-
-
Albany Congress
Intercolonial congress summoned by theBritish government to foster greater colonial unity and assureIroquois support in the escalating war against the French
-
Regulars
Trained professional soldiers, as distinct from militia orconscripts.
-
Battle of Quebec
Historic British victory over Frenchforces on the outskirts of Québec. The surrender of Québecmarked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America
-
Pontiac's uprising
Siege to Detroit all but 3 British posts over run, 2K soldiers/settlers killed
-
Republicanism
Political theory of representative government,based on the principle of popular sovereignty, with a strong emphasison liberty and civic virtue.
-
Radical wings
British political commenters
-
Mercantillism
Justified control of colonies unders a belief of wealth=power
-
Admiralty courts
No juries allowed
-
1765 stamp act
27 deligates from 9 colonies came to New york to debate rights
-
Non importation agreements
Boycotting British goods, gave people new chacne to participate in rebellion
-
Sons/Daughters of liberty
Spiritedly enforced rebellion
-
Association
Complete boycott of British goods
-
-
-
Second continental congress
Representative body of delegates from all 13 colonies Drafted Declaration of Independance and managed colonial war efforts.
|
|