Med terms Ch 9

adrenocorticotropic hormone

antidiuretic hormone

blood sugar

diabetic ketoacidosis

diabetes mellitus

fasting blood sugar

follicle-stimulating hormone

glucose tolerance test

glycosylated hemoglobin

hormone replacement therapy

luteinizing hormone

triiodothryonine

thyroid-stimulating hormone

gland

• diseased characterized by enlarged features, (of the face and hands), caused by HYPERsecretion of the pituitary GH after puberty, when normal bone growth has stopped
• most often caused by pituitary tumor

• located on the superior surface of each kidney 
• the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the adrenal medulla secretes epi and NE 
• suprarenal glands

• secreted in response to fear or physical injury
• epi

ACTH stimulated secretion from ADRENAL gland

influence development and maintenance of male sex characteristics (facial hair/deep voice)

• drug that lowers the blood glucose level 
• insulin

• blood sugar
• measurement of the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood

• know as THYROID HORMONES
• regulates METABOLISM

hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response (epi & ne)

• use of an insulin delivery device that is worn on the body (usually the abdomen) and subcutaneously infuses doses of insulin programmed according to the individual needs of the diabetic patient 
• insulin pump therapy

• condition of CONGENITAL HYPOTHYOidism in CHILDREN that results in a LACK of MENTAL DEVELOPMENT and DWARFED physical stature
• the thyroid gland is either CONGENITALLY ABSENT of IMPERFECTLY developed

• collections of signs & symptoms caused by an excessive level of CORTISOL HORMONE 
• may be due to excessive production by ADRENAL gland (often bc of tumor), or more commonly, occurs as side effect of treatment w/ glucocorticoid (steroid) hormones, such as prednisone for asthma, RA, lupus, or other inflammatory diseases
• symptoms include upper body obesity, facial puffiness (moon-shaped appearance, hyperglycemia, weakness, thins and easily bruised skin with stria (stretch marks), hypertension, and ostroporosis

• DM
• metabolic disorder caused by the absence or insufficient production of insulin secreted by the pancreas, resulting in hyperglycemia and glucosuria
• diabetes=passing through
• mellitus = sugar

presence of an ABNORMAL AMOUNT OF KETONE BODIES ( acetone, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetoacetic acid) in the blood and  urine indicating

• secreted in response to fear or physical injury
• adrenaline

responsible for the development of female SECONDARY SEX characteristics

PROTRUSION of one or both EYEBALLS, often bc  thyroid dysfunction or a tumor behind the eyeball

measurement of blood sugar level after fasting for 12 hrs

• FSH 
• initiates the growth of ovarian follicle
• stimulates the secretion of estrogen in females and the production of sperm in males

hormone secreted by ALPHA cells of the islets of Langerhans that serves to REGULATE CARBOHYDRATE metabolism by RAISING BLOOD SUGAR

• regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have anti-inflammatory effects
• cortisol is the most significant glucocorticoid

• GTT
• measurement of the body's ability to metabolize carbohydrates by administering a prescribed amount of glucose after a fasting period, then measuring blood and urine for glucose levels every hour thereafter for 4-6 hours

• HbA1c 
• a molecule (fraction) in Hb, the level of which rises in the blood as a result of an increased level of blood sugar
• a common blood test used in diagnosing and treating diabetes

ENLARGEMENT of the THYROID GLAND caused by thyroid dysfunction, tumor, lack of IODINE IN THE DIET, or INFLAMMATION