Joints Ch9

Any point where two bones meet

Study of musculoskeletal movement

Four major categories of joints:

Immovable joint formed when two bones ossify and become one

Point at which adjacent bones are bound by collagen fibers that emerge from one bone, cross the space between them, and penetrate into another:

Three kinds of fibrous joints:

Slightly movable fibrous joint that joins skull bones together, occur nowhere else

Joint where teeth attach to their socket

Joint at which two bones are bound by relatively long collagenous fibers

Two bones linked by cartilage is what kind of joint:

Two types of cartilaginous joints

Joint where bones are joined by hyaline cartilage

Joint where two bones are joined by fibrocartilage

Most familiar type of joint:

Joint most common for forming uncomfortable and crippling dysfunctions

Freely movable joint

Layer of hyaline cartilage in synovial joints

Slippery lubricant in synovial joint cavities

________ _____ is warmed by exercise; where cartilage then swells and provides more effective cushion against compression.

Crescent shaped pad

Absorb shock and pressure, guide bones across one another, improve fit between bones, and stabilizes the joint, reducing risk of dislocation

Collagenous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Collagenous connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid

Elongated cylindrical bursae wrapped around a tendon, enabling tendons to move back and forth freely in tight spaces

Measures Range of Motion

The degrees at which joints can move

Shoulder joint has _ degrees of freedom:

Monaxial joint, like a door hinge

When one is standing in anatomical position, each joint is said to be in its:

Decreases joint angle

Straightens a joint

Extension beyond zero position

Movement away from midline of body

Movement towards midpoint in body

Raising a body part vertically

Lowering a body part

Anterior movement of a body part

Movement which bone spins on its longitudinal axis

Palm facing forward

Palm facing backwards

Bending elbow and turning antebrachium towards stomach

Bending elbow and turning antebrachium outward from stomach

Tilting head or trunk to the left or right

Side to side movement of mandible

Moving mandible back to zero position

Tilts hand towards little finger

Tilts hand towards thumb

Moving the thumb to touch any tip of finger on hand

Returning thumb to zero position after touching tips of fingers

Movement where toes are elevated

movement onto tiptoes

Movement of feet inward towards eachother

Movement of feet away from each other

Articulation of the condyle of the mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Ringing in ears

Joint where humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity

(Lip) of fibrocartilage

Four muscles that help stabilize a joint:

Where head of femur inserts into the acetabulum:

Name of pit at head of femur

Round ligament that contains an artery that supplies blood to the head of the femur

Largest and most complex diarthrosis of the body

Ligaments in the knee that cross eachother to form an X

Two extrascapular ligaments that prevent the knee from rotating when joint is extended:

Painful overstretching of a tendon or muscle without tissue damage

Torn ligament or tendon

Inflammation of bursa

Displacement of bone

Hereditary disease (most occurring in men), where uric acid crystals accumulate in joints

Joint rheumatism

Inflamed tendon sheath

Inflammation of joint capsule

Autoimmune attack against the joint tissues(synovial) (attacking themselves)

Most common form of arthritis

Pain and inflammation of a joint