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8thgradeclass
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Where are gametes produced in a fern plant?
the prothallus
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What kind of plant has a dominant gametophyte phase?
Moss
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What are the male gametophytes called in a pine life cycle?
Pollen grains
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How is a pine sporophyte similar to a moss sporophyte?
both are diploid
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What part of the flower attracts pollinators?
petal
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Where in a flower are pollen grains formed?
In the anthers of the stamen
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When does a new sporophyte generation begin?
When the sperm fertilizes the egg
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Why does a seed need an endosperm?
The growing embryo cannot yet make its own food by photosynthesis.
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.When does germination begin?
When the embryo starts to take up water
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What is an advantage of a dormancy state in seeds?
It is able to germinate under favorable conditions
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Why is it a disadvantage for a plant to drop its seeds on the ground rather than dispersing them?
The new seedlings that grow must compete with the parent plant for light, space, water, and nutrients.
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What are the three methods of seed dispersal?
Water, wind, and ice
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.How is a tuber adapted for vegetative reproduction?
it has buds that can sprout new plants.
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Which plant parts can produce new plants by asexual reproduction?
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What is regeneration?
formation of a new plant from a fragment of a parent plant
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What are types of underground stem adapted for vegetative reproduction
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How might a nursery grow an apple tree that produces three different kinds of apples?
by grafting the stems of three different apple trees together
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How do auxins cause a plant to bend toward light?
They cause cells on the shaded side of a stem to elongate, bending the stem.
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Which kind of hormone causes fruits to ripen?
ethylene
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What type of hormone could you use if you wanted seeds to germinate quickly?
Gibberellin
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Which plant response causes a stem to grow upward and a root to grow downward?
gravitropism
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What plant response causes the leaves to change color in fall?
photoperiodism
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