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naturalgryl
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Cell eating any cells which do this are called..
phagocytes
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Components of blood..
- plasma is the fluid portion
- formed elements cells and cell fragments
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white blood cells,. changes detected by diffrential white blood cell count
leukocytes... granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes
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Enlarged monocytes become ...
macrophages
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Those that leave the blood and migrate are known as
wandering macrophages
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located in certain tissues and organs are called
fixed macrophages
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all together macrophages of the body constitue the
mononuclear phagocytic system
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granulocytes/acute
macrophage/chronic
granulocytes dominate in the initial phase of a bacterial infection, but later macrophages become dominant as the infection progresses
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inflammation
a defensive response triggered by damage to body tissues.. 4 symptoms redness, pain, heat, swelling
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functions of inflammation
- destroys infectious agent and remove it and its products form the body
- limits the effects of agent by walling it off
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Vasodiliation
is the increase in diameter of blood vessels
- increases blood flow to damaged areas
- responsible for the redness and and heat associated with inflammation
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histamine
- released by injured cells
- also a part of the complement system
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kinins
present in blood plasma when active also plays a role in chemotaxis of phagocytic granuloytes
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prostaglandins
- released by damage cells
- intensifies effects of histamines and kinins
- helps phagocytes move through capillary walls
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leukotrienes
- produced by mast cells
- increase permeabliity of blood vessals and help phagocytes attach to pathogens
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4 main mechanisms of Phagocytosis
adherence-attachment to surface of microbes
chemotaxis- chemical attract of phag.to micro.
ingestion-engulfment of pesudopods produces phagosome
digestion phagosome fuses with lysome to form a phagolysnome
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interferons
are effective for only short times and do not affect viral multiplication in ells already infected
- are proteins that are produced when a virsu is recognized.
- they interfere in virsu multiplication
- excreted by host cell stimulates the production antiviral proteins AVP's by neighboring cells
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opsonization
- immune adherence binding of c3b to the microbe can interact with receptors on phagocytes
- makes phagocytosis easier
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hepatulism
measures the body temperature in body
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crisis
a period of sweating indicates that the temperature is falling
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complement system.. non specific
is a defensive system containing serum proteins that perticipate in lysis of foreign cells
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