Test 3

rights of settlement in exchange for military service

Western Roman Empire collapsed after he was over in 476

Peasant farmers who were tied to the land

was the estate of lord and his dependent serfs

bestowed land to the feudal overlord

essentially the land that the vassal bestowed too

vassals paid their way out of military service through payment known as scutage.

made franks the most powerful people of Europe.

Pippin gave land to the church in 756

Royal agents of the king

Scholars that preserved Greek and Roman knowledge. Founded Charlemagnes palace school

was one of great scholars of the middle ages, popularized the B.C/A.D dating system

In the year of the Lord, Happened before and after Christ

Partition of the empire in 843, Charles received France and Louis got Germany.

Chose the popes

appointment of bishops and other church officials by secular rulers

They settled the Investiture Controversy

merchant who married a rich widow

teachings from Quran (submission to God)

God

teachings that Mohammed preached to the people of mecca (holy book of islam)

supported the Umayyad faction, and looked at Quran for ultimate authority.

Supporters of Ali and Abbasid faction, claimed that Mohammed had given divine knowledge to the descendants of Ali.

Book about Aritotles logic and Christian theology, written by *St. Thomas Aquinas.

used to centralize royal power

Henry I established a Royal bureau of finance, to keep track of income

Signed by john and curbed the power of English kings and stated that the king was also subject to the law

forbidden the clergy to pay any tax to a lay ruler.

Capitol church moved from Rome to Avignon by clement V

When pope Gregory XI brought the papacy back to Rome and Italian mob demanded that College of Cardinals elect an Italian pope

Advent of printing press

remission of priest imposed penalties for sins

When god decided ahead of time who would be saved

Military Service

Pippins IIs son Charles Martel defeated the Muslims

Land given to the pope

Stood for reform of abuses, high religious standards, and sound economic management.

Concordant of Worms settled it and emperor could veto his choice by refusing the bishops oath of loyalty.

German Princes

Centralized church government.

Divine Comedy is an imaginary journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven.

wrote the Canterbury Tales which criticizes the worldly interests of the English of the fourteenth century

Enforcing the law, collecting taxes and raising an army at the kings request

relied on precedent decisions made in previous cases making it to be more flexible

Made up of the great barons and major clergy

stressed that the role of the pope was to maintain the unity and well being of the church

1.4 Million died about 25%

resorted to flagellation, the mutilation of the body as a sign of repentance of sin and some tried to moderate and temperate life.

Internal disunity and mediocre leader

English Longbow

England was exhausted

burned her as a heretic and a witch in 1431

Reformation used to combat the Protestant Reformation

when Romulus augustulus was overthrown