pharm 5 set 4

• systemic
• superficial

• broad spectrum anti-fungal for systemic
• destroys cell wall - attack sterols
• DOC for systemic infections

• HIGHLY TOXIC
• -nephrotoxicity expected but will resolve
• -antihistamine and acetaminophen pre-Tx

converted to anti-metabolite after uptake by fungi

hematological effects - bone marrow suppresion

it enhances entry into the cell

used in combo for lower dose/toxity

Azole family

systemic or superficial infection

• inhibs ergosterol
•  -essential for fungal membranes

SE= hepattox, inhibs testosterone prod, N/V

Can reduce gastric acid, decreasing absorption of other drugs

for superficial dermatophytic infections

• these are topical
• used for thrush among others

oral for superficial skin infections

prevents fungal reproduction

GI issues

nail infection

oral drug for nail infections

6 month regimen - only 50% effective

• topical for nail infection
• used in combo w/ oral

2 month regimen - 12% effective

try to find mechanisms unique to viral life to avoid harming host cells

• supress synthesis of viral DNA
• resistance in rare

used for Herpes simplex and Varicella zoster (chix pox)

used for CMV

• it is a synthetic anti-viral so SE's include:
• granulocytopenia and thrombocytonmenia

inflammation of the liver

Hep a-g

B and C

will lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, carcinoma

Leading cause of liver transplants

• Chronic Hep B & C drug
• Anti-viral, immunomodulator, antimeoplastic
• blocks viral entry
• combine with ribavirin

more effective against B than C

• SE= depression

• Chronic Hep C drug
• blocks viral activity - unknown mech

• combined with Interferon-alpha
• NOT effective alone

chronic Hep C drug

viral protease inhibitor, which is a viral enzyme

must be used in combo with interferon/ribaviron

• nucleoside analog
• chronic Hep B drug

• reverse transcriptase inhibitors
• -inhib viral DNA synth
• --> bone marrow suppression

inactivated vaccine - given IM

• Live, attenuated vaccine - inhaled
•  -b/w ages 2-49

only tiny amounts of egg protein involved, so statistically should be fine

If allergy exists, use Inactivated form, not live (inhaled)

• <6 months age
• severe egg allergy
• past rxns
• Guillian Barre
• current fever illness

fluvarix= adult

fluvirin= 4yrs and older

fluzone= 6months and older

Flu A drug only

• prevent viral entry into cells
• inhibits early viral replication

SE= confusion, dizzy, seizures

A and B flu drug

stops viral replication

• 2 days after symptoms appear preferable OR sooner
•  -effect lessons with flu progression

SE= N/V only

CD4 helper T cells

• stop viral replication
• prevent viral entry into cell
• prevent final maturation and release

• 1. reverse transcriptase inhibitors
•  -integrase inhibitors

• 2. HIV fusion inhibitors
•  -CCR5 antagonist

• 3. Protease inhibitors
•  -These are MOST effective but have the most SE's

parasitic disease caused by protozoa

V= some sporozoiotes remain dormant in the LOVER up to 2 years

• F= more serious, less common
•  =does not remain in liver and there are no relapse

• 1st antimalarial drug
• had many SE
• not used any more

• antimalarial
• mech of action unknown

DOC for acute attacks

SE= GI, vision, liver

antimalarial

• DOC for relapse
• Can cause hemolysis for those lacking G-6-PD
•  -af. amers, iran, greeks, sardinians

suppressive therapy

• can NOT prevent primary infection
• CAN stop infection of erythrocytes
•  -parasite remain in the liver

• DOC for suppressive therapy
• Given in high mosquito populations

given in very resistant Malaria areas

is replacing Aralen