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Which organ forms urine? (slide 1)
Kidneys
What is the urinary tract composed of?
ureters transport urine to bladder
bladder stores urine
urethra eliminates urine
What are the functions of the kidneys?
excrete waste by forming urine
regulate blood volume and blood pressure
regulation of erythrocyte production (erythropoietin)
Where is the kidney positioned?
retroperitoneal
between t12 and l3
right kidney is 2 cm lower than left
What do they kidney's support?
the adremal glands on the superior region
What are the 3 layers that surround and support the kidney?
Fibrous capsule (shape and protect)
Perinephric fat (cushions, holds in place)
renal fascia (anchors to wall and other structors)
How much blood flows through both kidneys per minute?
12000ml (20-25% of cardiac output)
What is each little division isnide the kidney called?
Nephrons
what are the 2 types of nephrons?
Cortical nephrons
juxtamedullary nephrons
What are features of cortical nephrons?
more numerous
periphery of cortex
shorter nephron loops
exchange occurs at peritubular capillaries
what are some features of juxtamedullary nephrons
near corticomedullary border
long nephron loops
vasa recta is site of exchange
What do the nephrons consist of?
Renal corpuscle
renal tubule
What is in the renal corpuscle?
Glomerulus
Glomerular capsule
what is in the glomerulus?
capillary knot
high pressure
What is in the glomerular capsule?
double-walled epithelial cup
//parietal layer-simple squamous epithelium
//visceral layer- podocytes
What is in the renal Tubule?
proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
Nephron loop (with descending and ascending limbs)
Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
What does podocytes and squamous epithelial cells of glomerulus make?
filtration membrane
What are the 3 steps to urine formation?
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
what is the renal plexus?
sensory and motor neurons that enters the kidneys through the hilum
what are the layers in the urinary tract and the bladder
muscosa
muscularis - longitudinal and circular layers
adventitia
What is attatches the urinary bladder to the abdominal wall at the umbilicus?
median umbilical ligament
What is a trigone?
a triangular area formed by the urethral and uretic orifices.
what are the 2 sphincters that regulate flow in the urethra?
Internal urethral sphincter (involuntary)
external urethral sphincter (voluntary)
where are the sensory neurons relating with micturition?
sacral region, spinal chord
Where are the ascending tracs related to the micturition process?
pons
how long are female urethras?
4 cm
how long are male urethras?
18 cm
what are the 3 subdivisions of the male urethra?
prostatic
membranous
penile or spongy urethra
Author
Johnemt
ID
249772
Card Set
final urinary.txt
Description
final urinary.txt
Updated
11/30/2013, 10:47:07 AM
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