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final urinary.txt

The flashcards below were created by user Johnemt on FreezingBlue Flashcards.

  1. Which organ forms urine? (slide 1)
    Kidneys
  2. What is the urinary tract composed of?
    • ureters transport urine to bladder
    • bladder stores urine
    • urethra eliminates urine
  3. What are the functions of the kidneys?
    • excrete waste by forming urine
    • regulate blood volume and blood pressure
    • regulation of erythrocyte production (erythropoietin)
  4. Where is the kidney positioned?
    • retroperitoneal
    • between t12 and l3
    • right kidney is 2 cm lower than left
  5. What do they kidney's support?
    the adremal glands on the superior region
  6. What are the 3 layers that surround and support the kidney?
    • Fibrous capsule (shape and protect)
    • Perinephric fat (cushions, holds in place)
    • renal fascia (anchors to wall and other structors)
  7. How much blood flows through both kidneys per minute?
    12000ml (20-25% of cardiac output)
  8. What is each little division isnide the kidney called?
    Nephrons
  9. what are the 2 types of nephrons?
    • Cortical nephrons
    • juxtamedullary nephrons
  10. What are features of cortical nephrons?
    • more numerous
    • periphery of cortex
    • shorter nephron loops
    • exchange occurs at peritubular capillaries
  11. what are some features of juxtamedullary nephrons
    • near corticomedullary border
    • long nephron loops
    • vasa recta is site of exchange
  12. What do the nephrons consist of?
    • Renal corpuscle
    • renal tubule
  13. What is in the renal corpuscle?
    • Glomerulus
    • Glomerular capsule
  14. what is in the glomerulus?
    • capillary knot
    • high pressure
  15. What is in the glomerular capsule?
    • double-walled epithelial cup
    • //parietal layer-simple squamous epithelium
    • //visceral layer- podocytes
  16. What is in the renal Tubule?
    • proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
    • Nephron loop (with descending and ascending limbs)
    • Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
  17. What does podocytes and squamous epithelial cells of glomerulus make?
    filtration membrane
  18. What are the 3 steps to urine formation?
    • Filtration
    • Reabsorption
    • Secretion
  19. what is the renal plexus?
    sensory and motor neurons that enters the kidneys through the hilum
  20. what are the layers in the urinary tract and the bladder
    • muscosa
    • muscularis - longitudinal and circular layers
    • adventitia
  21. What is attatches the urinary bladder to the abdominal wall at the umbilicus?
    median umbilical ligament
  22. What is a trigone?
    a triangular area formed by the urethral and uretic orifices.
  23. what are the 2 sphincters that regulate flow in the urethra?
    • Internal urethral sphincter (involuntary)
    • external urethral sphincter (voluntary)
  24. where are the sensory neurons relating with micturition?
    sacral region, spinal chord
  25. Where are the ascending tracs related to the micturition process?
    pons
  26. how long are female urethras?
    4 cm
  27. how long are male urethras?
    18 cm
  28. what are the 3 subdivisions of the male urethra?
    • prostatic
    • membranous
    • penile or spongy urethra
Author
Johnemt
ID
249772
Card Set
final urinary.txt
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final urinary.txt
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