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The flashcards below were created by user
anne_menlove
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Abnormal Behavior
- patterns of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions considered pathological for one or more of four reasons
- -deviance
- -dysfunction
- - distress
- - danger
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medical model
perspective that assumes diseases have physical causes that cause that can be diagnosed, treated, and possibly cured
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psychiatry
branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders
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diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
mental health specialist share a uniform classification system
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neurosis
outmoded term for disorders characterized by unrealistic anxiety and other associated problems
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Psychosis
serious mental disorders characterized by extreme mental disruption and defective or lost contact with reality
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Insanity
is a legal term indicating that a person cannot be held responsible for his or her actions. in the legal system
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five axes of DSM-IV-TR
- Axis 1: Clinical disorders
- Axis 2: Personality disorders and mental retardation
- Axis 3: General Medical Condition
- Axis 4: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
- Axis 5: Global Assessment of functioning
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anxiety disorder
overwhelming apprehension and fear accompanied by ANS arousal
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Persistent, uncontrollable, and free-floating nonspecific anxiety
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panic Disorder
- sudden and inexplicable panic attacks
- symptoms: dizziness, trembling, terror difficulty breathing, feelings of doom
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phobia
intense, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or sistuation
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Agoraphobia
fear of having a panic attack in crowded, enclosed, or wide open areas. where you can't receive emergency help.
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specific phobia
fear of a specific fear or object
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social phobias
irrationally fearful of embarrassing themselves in social situation
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Obsessive-Complusive Disorders
Anxiety disorder that involves persistent, anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away (obsessions), and/or irresistible urges to preform rituals
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psychological explanation for anxiety disorders
- faulty cognitions
- maladaptive learning
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Biological explanation for anxiety disorders
- evolution predispositions
- genetic predispositions
- biochemical distrubances
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Sociocultural explanation for anxiety disorders
cultural pressures
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mood disorders
extreme disturbances in emotional state
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major depresive disorder
- long lasting depressed mood that interferes with the ability to function, feel pleasure, or maintain interest in life
- side effects: trouble sleeping, weight gain, fatigue
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bipolar disorder
- repeated episodes of mania alternating with depression
- mania: hyperactivity, poor judgement, delusions
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biological Factor for mood disorders
- decreased gray matter
- decreased function in frontal lobes
- imbalance in neurotransmitters
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psychosocial theories for mood disorders
- psychoanalytic: anger turned inward
- humanistic: personal growth is blocked
- learned helplessness
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Schizophrenia
- characterized by major disturbances in perception, language, thought, emotion, and behavior
- emerges in late teens and mid thirties
- strikes men earlier than women
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Hallucinations
false, imaginary sensory perceptions that occur without external stimuli
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beliefs based on misrepresentation of reality
Delusions
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subtypes of schizophrenia
- paraniod: delusions and hallucinations
- catatonic: motor disturbance and echo speech
- disorganized: incoherent sheech, flat or exaggerated emotion, and social withdrwal
- undifferentiated: varied symptoms that meet the criteria for schizophrenia but do not fall into any of the other subtypes
- Residual: no longer meets the full criteria for schizophrenia but still shows some symptoms
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biological theories for schizophrenia
- Prenatal stress
- viral infections
- birth complications
- immune respose
- maternal malnutritions
- advance paternal age
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psychosocial theories of schizophrenia
poor communication between family members
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dissociative disorder
amnesia, fugue, or multiple personalities resulting from a splitting apart of experience from memory or consciousness
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Dissociative Identity Disorder
Presence of two or more distinct personalities systems in the same individual at different timer
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personality disorder
inflexible, maladaptive personality traits that cause significant impairment of social and occupational functioning
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Anitsocial personality disorder
extreme disregard for and violation of the rights of others
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Borderline Personality disorder
Severe instability in emotion and self-concept, along with implosive and self-destructive behavior
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