PSY exam 5

• patterns of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions considered pathological for one or more of four reasons
•      -deviance
•      -dysfunction
•      - distress
•      - danger

perspective that assumes diseases have physical causes that cause that can be diagnosed, treated, and possibly cured

branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders

mental health specialist share a uniform classification system

outmoded term for disorders characterized by unrealistic anxiety and other associated problems

serious mental disorders characterized by extreme mental disruption and defective or lost contact with reality

is a legal term indicating that a person cannot be held responsible for his or her actions. in the legal system

• Axis 1: Clinical disorders
• Axis 2: Personality disorders and mental retardation
• Axis 3: General Medical Condition
• Axis 4: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
• Axis 5: Global Assessment of functioning

overwhelming apprehension and fear accompanied by ANS arousal

Persistent, uncontrollable, and free-floating nonspecific anxiety

• sudden and inexplicable panic attacks
• symptoms: dizziness, trembling, terror difficulty breathing, feelings of doom

intense, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or sistuation

fear of having a panic attack in crowded, enclosed, or wide open areas. where you can't receive emergency help.

fear of a specific fear or object

irrationally fearful of embarrassing themselves in social situation

Anxiety disorder that involves persistent, anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away (obsessions), and/or irresistible urges to preform rituals

• faulty cognitions
• maladaptive learning

• evolution predispositions
• genetic predispositions
• biochemical distrubances

cultural pressures

extreme disturbances in emotional state

• long lasting depressed mood that interferes with the ability to function, feel pleasure, or maintain interest in life
• side effects: trouble sleeping, weight gain, fatigue

• repeated episodes of mania alternating with depression
• mania: hyperactivity, poor judgement, delusions

• decreased gray matter
• decreased function in frontal lobes
• imbalance in neurotransmitters

• psychoanalytic: anger turned inward
• humanistic: personal growth is blocked
• learned helplessness

• characterized by major disturbances in perception, language, thought, emotion, and behavior
• emerges in late teens and mid thirties
• strikes men earlier than women

false, imaginary sensory perceptions that occur without external stimuli

Delusions

• paraniod: delusions and hallucinations
• catatonic: motor disturbance and echo speech
• disorganized: incoherent sheech, flat or exaggerated emotion, and social withdrwal
• undifferentiated: varied symptoms that meet the criteria for schizophrenia but do not fall into any of the other subtypes
• Residual: no longer meets the full criteria for schizophrenia but still shows some symptoms

• Prenatal stress
• viral infections
• birth complications
• immune respose
• maternal malnutritions
• advance paternal age

poor communication between family members

amnesia, fugue, or multiple personalities resulting from a splitting apart of experience from memory or consciousness

Presence of two or more distinct personalities systems in the same individual at different timer

inflexible, maladaptive personality traits that cause significant impairment of social and occupational functioning

extreme disregard for and violation of the rights of others

Severe instability in emotion and self-concept, along with implosive and self-destructive behavior