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the paranchymal organs that produce the sex cells in both sexes
gonads
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male gonads
testes/testicles
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testes/testicles produce gametes called
spermatozoa
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sac the testes are suspended in
scrotum
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the stage of life in which males and females become functionally capable of sexual reproduction
puberty
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sex hormone responsible for the growth and development of male sex characteristics
testosterone
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a series of tightly coiled tiny tubes in each testis where spermatozoa are formed
seminiferous tubules
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the formation of sperm
spermatogenesis
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the serous membrane that surrounds the front and sides of the testicle
tunica vaginalis testis
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where sperm is stored
epididymis
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seminal fluid ejected from the urethra
ejaculation
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an enclosed sheath that includes the vas deferens, along with arteries, veins, and nerves
spermatic cord
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fluid from a series of glands that provide fluid either to nourish or to aid in mobility and lubrication
- seminal vesicles
- Cowper's (bulbourtethral) glands
- prostate gland
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begins where the seminal vesicles join the vas deferens, and this "tube" joins the urethra
ejaculatory duct
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the enlarged tip of the penis
glans penis
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fold of skin surrounding the glans penis at birth
prepuce
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removal of the prepuce
circumcision
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condition of being born without a testicle
anorchism
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congenital defect resulting in a downward (ventral) curvature of the penis due to a fibrous band (cord) of tissue along the corpus spongiosum
chordee, congenital
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condition in which the testicles fail to descend into the scrotum before birth
cryptochidism
(cryptorchism)
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urethral opening on the dorsum (top) of the penis rather than on the tip
epispadias
(hyperspadias)
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urethral opening on the ventral surface (underside) of the penis instead of on the tip
hypospadias
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condition of no living sperm in the semen
azoospermia
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inflammation of the glans penis
balanitis
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inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin
balanoposthitis
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abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland surrounding the urethra, leading to difficulty with urination
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
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- (enlarged prostate)
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blood test used to diagnose BPH. very high levels may indicate prostate cancer
PSA (prostate-specific antigen)
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inflammation of the epididymis, usually a result of an ascending infection through the genitourinary tract
epididymitis
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inability to achieve or sustain a penile erection for sexual intercourse
erectile dysfunction (ED)
(impotence)
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accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis testis
hydrocele
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a hardening of the corpus cavernosa of the penis that can cause painful erections
induration penis plastica
(Peyronie's disease)
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condition of temporary or permanent deficiency of sperm in the seminal fluid; related to azoospermia
oligospermia
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inflammation of the testicles
orchitis
(testitis)
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condition of tightening of the prepuce around the glans penis so that the foreskin cannot be retracted
phimosis
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an abnormally prolonged erection
priapism
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inflammation of the prostate gland
prostatitis
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a swelling of the epididymis that contains sperm
spermatocele of epididymis
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twisting of a testicle on its spermatic cord, usually caused by trauma. may lead to ischemia of the testicle
testicular torsion
(torsion of testis)
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inflammation of a seminal vesicle, usually associated with prostatitis
vesiculitis
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other term for STD
venereal disease (VD)
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disease caused by the gram-negative diplococcus Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium (Gc), which manifest itself as inflammation of the urethra, prostate, rectum, or pharynx. the cervix and fallopian tubes may also be involved in females, although they may appear asymptomatic
gonorrhea
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form of the herpesvirus transmitted through sexual contact, causing recurring painful vesicular eruptions
herpes genitalis
(herpes simplex virus, HSV-2)
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virus that causes common warts of the hands and feet and lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral, anal, and genital cavities.
human papillomavirus
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inflammation of the urethra caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, or Ureaplasm urealyticum
nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)
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multistage STD caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. a highly infectious chancre, a painless, red ulcer, appears in the first stage
syphilis
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used to diagnose syphillis
- Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL)
- fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS)
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these testicular tumors arise from the stromal tissue of the testes that produce hormones. usually benign
Leydig and Sertoli cell tumors
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prostate cancer is diagnosed in one of every sex men. with early detection, however, this cancer is treatable
adenocarcinoma of the prostate
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a type of germ cell tumor (GCT). it accounts for the majority of testicular cancer causes and occurs in younger men, usually between 15-35.
nonseminoma
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this malignancy is one type of GCT that develops from the cells that form the sperm
seminoma
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this tumor is a type of nonseminoma that is usually benign in children. because these tumors are created from germ cells, they have half the necessary genetic information to form an individual
teratoma, malignant
(syn. dermoid cyst)
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surgically correcting a defect of the glans penis
balanoplasty
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surgical procedure in which the prepuce of the penis is excised
circumcision
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incision of the epididymis to drain a cyst
epididymotomy
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imaging of the epididymis and seminal vesicle using a contrast medium
epididymovesiculography
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cutting out part or all of one or both testicles, usually for removal of a tumor or cyst
orchidectomy
- (orchectomy)
- (orchiectomy)
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surgical procedure to mobilize an undescended testicle, attaching it to the scrotum
orchiopexy
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surgically correcting a defect of the penis
phalloplasty
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removal of the prostate gland.
prostatectomy
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prostate gland, seminal vesicles and area of vas ampullae of the vas deferens are removed
radical prostatectomy
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cutting out the prostate in sections through a urethral approach. the most common type of prostatectomy
transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR, TURP)
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form of prostate surgery involving tiny incisions of the prostate. the prostate is not removed
transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP)
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anastomosis of the ends of the vas deferens as a means of reconnecting them to reverse the sterilization techinique
vasovasostomy
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incision, ligation, and cauterization of both the vas deferens for the purpose of male sterilization
vasectomy
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imaging of the vas deferens to visualize possible blockages
vasography
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a tying of the vas deferens as a sterilization procedure
vasoligation
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cutting out the seminal vesicle
vesiculectomy
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