-
The thermohaline current is important because it transports this around the globe
Heat/Moisture Nutrients
-
In a controlled experiment, the variable that is the factor you are measuring
Dependent Variable
-
n a controlled experiment, the variable that is the factor you choose to manipulate
Independent Variable
-
In science, a concept that has been supported by many observations, experiments, and data and has been tested many times
Theory
-
Portion of the pelagic zone of a lake or ocean through which light penetrates
Photic Zone
-
A temperate biome with low precipitation
Grassland
-
An aquatic biome that is a transition from river to sea
Estuary
-
Marine biome with very high diversity
Coral Reef
-
A Change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA of an organism
Mutation
-
All the copies of every type of allele in every individual of a population
Gene Pool
-
A population that is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will have a change in these
Allele Frequencies
-
A type of mating that must take place in a population for it to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Random
-
This type of selection takes place when environmental conditions favor individuals with one extreme of a phenotypic range
Directional
-
Species that lay many eggs, of which few survive, have this type of survivorship curve
Type III
-
Type of growth model that takes into account the availability of resources
Logistic Growth Model
-
In humans, there is a higher survivorship of young and middle aged individuals which is the characteristic of this type of survivorship curve
Type I
-
The birth rate of a population minus the death rate
Per Capita Rate of Increase
-
The process of selective breeding that led to all the different breeds of dogs we have today is an example of this type of selection
Artificial Selection
-
These fossils have some characteristics of an ancestral group and other characteristics of a derived group
Transitional Fossils
-
The anal spur of a snake is an example of this type of “leftover” structure inherited from an ancestor but no longer used
Vestigial Structure
-
Molecular evidence of the relatedness of living organisms today can be found in this hereditary molecule
DNA
-
Evidence of a common ancestor to all vertebrates can be seen in these two structures found in all vertebrate embryos
Pharyngeal Pouches and post anal tails
-
The amount of light energy that is converted to chemical energy by autotrophs
Primary Production
-
The terrestrial biome with the highest rate of primary production
Tropical Rain Forrest
-
The Largest reservoir of carbon
Fossil/Marine Sediments
-
Organisms that recycle nutrients by converting dead organic material into inorganic material that producers can use
Decomposers
-
Type of succession that occurs after a volcanic eruption
Primary Succession
-
The approximate age of earth
4.6 Billion Years Old
-
A cell like structure that has a lipid membrane and metabolic reactions but no genetic material
Protocell
-
The concept that younger rock is on top of older rock
Superposition
-
The time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay to a non-radioactive isotope
Half Life
-
Theory that explains how the 1st eukaryotic cells may have come about
Theory of Endosymbiosis
-
The efficiency transfer from one trophic level to the next
10%
-
Organisms that feed on the producers in a community
Primary Consumers
-
Direction of energy flow in a trophic pyramid
Bottom to top (Producers to top Consumers)
-
Where toxins accumulate in a trophic pyramid
The top of the pyramid (Top Consumers)
-
What is described by the trophic structure of a community?
Feeding relationships or flow of energy
-
The offspring that result from an interspecific mating
Hybrid
-
Type of reproductive isolation that separates these two species of garter snake, one that prefers to be in the water and one that prefers to be on land
Habitat Isolation
-
A mule is an example of this type of reproductive barrier
Reduced Hybrid Fertility
-
Corals have external fertilization so they often have this type of isolation that prevents fertilization
Gametic Isolation
-
Two populations of mosquitofish live in different ponds and have different environmental pressures. Over time they may become two different species via this type of speciation
Allopatric
-
Type of plant that has naked seeds found in cones
Gymnosperm
-
Common name for nonvascular plant
Bryophytes
-
Type of plant that thrived during the Carboniferous Period and made the industrial revolution possible
Seedless Vascular Plants
-
The fruit of an angiosperm develops from this structure
Ovary
-
The term used to describe a seed plant that produces both seed and pollen cones (or flowers) on each individual plant
Monoecious
-
One characteristic that separates plants from green algae is the protection of this
Embryo
-
An apple tree represents this plant generation
Sporophyte Generation
-
Plant cell walls are composed of this
Cellulose
-
A single cell produced asexually that is capable of developing into a new individual plant under the right conditions
Spore
-
The generation of a moss that is green and leafy
Gametophyte
-
Single celled protists with silica shells
Diatoms
-
Some heterotrophic protists move by streaming cytoplasm in these changing structures
Pseudopodia
-
The pathogenic protist that causes malaria
Plasmodium
-
The type of protist that caused the potato famine of the 1800’s
Water Mold (Phytophthora)
-
A ciliated heterotrophic protist with 2 nuclei- a micronucleus and a macronucleus
Paramecium
-
Ultimately, where most of the mass of a plant comes from
Carbon Dioxide
-
The process that drives the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
Transpiration
-
Type of plant tissue composed of undifferentiated cells
Meristem
-
The two types of meristem tissue in plants
Apical and Lateral
-
The vascular cambium produces this kind of tissue
Secondary xylem and secondary phloem
-
Gymnosperm seeds are different from angiosperm seeds in that they lack this tissue
Fruit
-
Type of fruit that develops from a flower with one carpel
Simple Fruit
-
In flowering plants, the mature seed contains the embryo and the nutrients in the form of endosperm and these structures
Cotyldons
-
In flowering plants, the cells from which the endosperm develops
2 polar nuclei and 1 sperm cell
-
As the seed develops, the first division of the zygote yields two cells- the terminal cell which will develop into the embryo and the basal cell which develops into this structure that anchors the embryo to the parent plant or endosperm
Suspensor
-
Primary growth in plants is growth in this direction
Lengthwise
-
These specialized cells transport xylem sap
Tracheids or Vessel Elements
-
Plant tissue that makes indeterminate growth in plants possible
Meristem
-
These specialized cells of vascular tissue lack nuclei and ribosomes but adjacent companion cells synthesize proteins for them
Sieve Tube Elements
-
Most of a plant’s metabolic reactions take place in this type of ground tissue cell
Parenchyma Cell
-
Type of bacteria with thick cell walls that stain purple in crystal violet
Gram Positive Bacteria
-
These structures pull two bacterial cells together for conjugation
Pili
-
Membranous structures where photosynthesis takes place in cyanobacteria
Thylakoid Membranes
-
Term used to describe the integration into the bacterial chromosome of free DNA picked up from the environment
Transformation
-
A bacterium that is capable of donating a copy part of its chromosome to another bacterium
Hfr Cell
-
Term for a flower that is lacking either stamen, carpels, sepals, or petals
Incomplete flower
-
These three “Fs” distinguish angiosperm reproduction from gymnosperm reproduction
Flowers, Fruit, and Double Fertilization
-
This method of asexual reproduction involves the breaking off of a piece of the parent plant that then grows into a new individual plant which is genetically identical to the parent
Fragmentation
-
This structure is composed of the megasporangium, the megaspore, and the integuments
Ovule
-
These cells of the female gametophyte produce chemicals that guide the pollen tube to the micropyle
Synergids
|
|