Tupperware

Rise in internal energy per unit temperature

a solid with no order

order through entire solid

solid segmented in ordered regions - called grains

defective regions

atoms that occupy a site in the crystal structure at which there is usually not an atom

a nearby pair of a vacancy and an insterstitial

a pair of vacancies

the termination of a plane of atoms in the middle of a crystal

helical path traced around line defect

is one in which the system must overcome an energy barrier in order for the process to go forward

the passive movement of molecules or particles along a concentration gradient, or from regions of higher to lower concentration

(of two metals)... one metal is the "host" (and the other the "impurity", then the addition of the "impurity" metal will cause an increase in the resistivity and make the total resistivity less and less temperature dependent.

a phase diagram for an alloy that has an unlimited solid solubility... //same morphology everywhere

a HOMOGENEOUS portion of a chemical system that has the same structure, composition and properties everywhere

initial crystal formation

a horizontal line on a phase diagram

line separating solid phase from mixed phase

mean scattering time/relaxation time

expresses how "easy" electrons can move (drift) under the influence of an electric field; it is directly related to relaxation (or mean scattering) time

the ability of a solid to conduct electricity (cousin of mobility)

sharing of electrons... between atoms to complete outer shells

transfer of charge; i.e. electron transfer from one atom to the other creating ions;

atoms (of metals) give easily valence electrons to the solid (sharing of "free" electrons)

Si, Ge; Zincblend when two atoms GaAs (two interpenetrating fcc's displaced by ¼ a

minimal amount of energy required to remove an electron from a metal to a vacuum

region of a space in an atom or molecule in which an e- with a given energy may be found

more light "particles"

a light particle//a quantum of energy

NO two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers

All of the electrons in a singly occupied orbitals have to keep their spin parallel//same spin

the bending of waves due to interaction with objects of size similar to its wavelength

the quantization of one or more components of the angular momentum of a system

the concept refers to how electrons can only exist in different energy levels. Their existence in the energy levels defines atoms.

probability function that describes a particles wave like behavior

the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory

If an electron comes up a potential barrier greater than its energy... there is a finite probability that it will "pass" through the barrier

the radial distance where the radial probability is maximum

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

lowest energy/n=1 state

The position and momentum of a particle cannot be simultaneously measured with high precision

• describes how the quantum state of some physical system changes with time.
• ih(part d/part dt)w= Hw

description of a system in terms of parameteres

the number of available electronic states per unit volume per unit energy

Net diffusion of electrons from the "hot" to the "cold" region of a metal

the mass of a particle that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when en masse with other identical particles in a thermal distribution