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Ottoman Empire
Bulgarian history where Bulgaria was turned into the Ottoman Empire from 1453-1878
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Thrace
Southeast region that stretches over Turkey
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Sedyanki
Sitting Parties (Bulgarian)
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Gaida
Bagpipe (Bulgarian)
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Gadulka
Pear-shaped lute (bowed instrument)
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Tupan
Cylindrical Bass drum
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Narodna Muzika
Folk music
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Philip Koutev
Classical composer organized a "State ensemble of folk song and dance"
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Obrabotki
Arrangements (Harmonies added to traditional values)
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Ruchenitsa
Solo or couples dance in 7
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Chalga
Combination of Rome, Serbian, Turkish, Greek, Romanian and Macedonian styles (not so much Bulgarian "instrument" in Turkish
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Kyuchek
A rhythm used on drum D--TD-T-
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Nation State
Political units based on nations group of people that have many similarities which are governed by one person
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Nationalism
People feeling connected to their country being proud of ones' country
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Field Recording
Going to the actual place and taking notes or an archives center
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Preservation
keeping something in good condition
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Archive of folk culture
Collected music from everyone
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John Lomax
Trained in English. Found Leadbelly
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Living Lore
Responsive to the mood at the moment
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Social and Individual Creativity
Casey Jones example: creative man making a chicken dance
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Paths of the Tune
The song can sound the same but it can be completely different lyrically
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Presentational Performance
Entertainment for an audience variation, sonic values, scripted forms, and clear textures
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Participatory Performance
People join in just by walking by a crowd (being intrigued)
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bullerengue
Musical style and dance form from the Carribean
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Folklorization
Learning from the bottom up
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Resistance
Standing for their right to not have something happen
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Polyrhythm
Interplay of different rhythms and meters
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Enculturation
Learning you own culture gradually during chilhood
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Kora
(Instrument) has features of a harp and lute
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Griot
Hereditary mande musicians
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Mande
Large group of people in West Africa
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Sub-Saharan
Region in Africa that is South of the Sahara
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Ewe
Atlantic ccoast of Ghana and Togo
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Agbekor
"clear Life" or enjoying life after suffering
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Performance Organization
Cooperative Societies (fund each other's funerals)
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Gankogui
double bell iron bell
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Atsiawo
Stylized movements (vaguely represented of something else)
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Dagbamba
Tribe that lives in the Northern Part of Ghana
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Lunga
Double-headed hourglass drum with strings to change pitch
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Shona
region around Zimbabwe and South Africa
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Chimurenga
"Struggle" symbolism for the war against the white regime
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Mbira
Instrument with metal keys, soundboard, resonators, and jingles from bottle caps
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Hosho
Pair of gourd rattles
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Creative Listening
Participatory audience (hand clapping)
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Polyphony
Having two or more melodies being played at the same time with a background rhythm
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Ekimi
Silence or ordered sound
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Azan/ Adhan
Call to prayer
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Maqam
Mode collection of pitches
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'Ud
Short necked-lute (chordophone)
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Etic
(Outsider) perspective
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Emic
(Insider) perspective
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Mashriq
Eastern Arab world
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Minaret
Tower used to call Muslims to prayer
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Melisma
One syllable, but many tones on that one syllable
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Qira'at
Recitation of the Qur'an
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Qanun
zither plucked string like a dulcimer
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Nay
Reed flute blown on side
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Lyali
Vocal improvisation (taqasim but vocal)
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Taqasim
Solo instrumental improvisation (play songs people recognize easily)
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Mawwal
Vocal music that is presented before the actual song begins
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Varied Repetition
Plays the same part over but somewhat varied from the original sound
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Takht
"Platform" small ensemble of 4-5 instrumentalists and a singer
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Firqa
Large ensemble, more violins, double bass, and other European/Western instruments
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Sama'i
Listening to music
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Tarab
Musical ecstacy or enchantment
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Improvisation vs. composition
Varied repetition
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Qafla
Low end of scale then go up and all the way back down usually at the end of the song
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Thursday Night Concerts
Social Events (Umm Kulthum)
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Nationalism
(Umm Kulthum) Patriotic feeling and efforts
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Sha'abi
(People) a musical genre that takes form of the working class
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Shababi
(Youth) a musical genre that integrates western popo
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Microbus
Music heard on a small bus like a van
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Festival Music
Youth music
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el sur
"the wall" Anticorruption video and song
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Spanish American War
US vs. Spanish wanting possession
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Representation
someone standing for their state (governor)
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Rumba
Polyrhythm over basic clave rhythm with lead vocalist chorus, three or more percussionists
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Canto
Solo singing of the text
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Mantuno
Call and response section
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Cuban son
Elements of spanish structure and African rhythms
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Bongos
Two small drums played with hands
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Tres
Three paired strings on a guitar
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Guiro
Instrument with rough edges, stroke with a stick
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Plena
Genre of music with a chant (tells a story)
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Pandereta
Type of tambourine
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Colloquial
informal conversation
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Mambo
Ostinatos, arrangements, improvisation (influenced by jazz)
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Ostinato
repeated pattern of a melody
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Tumbao
Repeated patter underneath (ostinato with the chord progressions)
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Salsa
Dance Craze with a son structure
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Fania Records
Willie Colon (arranger) sought out local talent recorded live in the studio, formed the fania all-stars
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Willie Colon
Arranger of fania records
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Timbales
Two drums and cowbells on top
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Expressive Liberation
Refuge from reality
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