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3 types of Memory categorized by time
- 1. echoic, perceptual, sensory
- 2. working, blackboard, short-term
- 3. long-term
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explicit (declarative) memory
- everyday usage
- includes semantic, episodic
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implicit (non-declarative) memory
- memory for skills, habits, and behavior
- neuro-motor
- cerebellar
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How is memory stored?
neurochemical equation that are linked between a collection of cells
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What is a memory called?
an engram
aka a memory trace
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Where is short term memory housed?
in the frontal lobes, temporal lobes and distributed throughout the brain
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Medial temporal lobe areas of particular importance are:
- hippocampus
- entorhinal cortex
- perirhinal cortex
- parahippocampal area
- fornix
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Where are long term memories housed?
in the diencephalon and distributed throughout the processing brain regions
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Diencephalon regions of particular importance:
- anterior nucleus of the thalamus
- dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus
- hypothalamus
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amnesia
serious loss of memory and ability to learn
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Three types of amnesia
- retrograde amnesia
- anterograde amnesia
- transient global amnesia
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retrograde amnesia
memory loss for events that occurred before the trauma
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anterograde amnesia
inability to form memories for event that occur after the trauma
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transient global amnesia
a sudden occurrence of anterograde amnesia that is also often accompanied by retrograde amnesia for recent events
occurs for a short time period during which the person is confused and often disoriented it is often the result of a transient ischemic attack (a vascular episode)
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relational memory
concept of a memory process that links events and ideas together
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Where does relational memory take place?
hippocampus (still under debate)
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procedural memory
- non-declarative memory (implicit memory)
- is involved in how we do things (the processes, the steps)
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Where is procedural memory stored?
Mainly in cerebellum
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What is important in planning and executing procedural memory?
striatum (basal ganglia region)
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What is the striatum composed of?
the caudate nucleus and the putamen
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Where does perceptual memory occur?
within the specific sense area of the brain
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Important area for working (short term memory):
the pre-frontal lobe
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Important areas for declarative and non-declarative memories
temporal lobes and specific diencephalon areas
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